急倾斜煤炭储量约占全国煤炭储量的15%~20%左右，特别是在我国的西部矿区50%以上矿井开采的是急倾斜煤层。急倾斜煤层的开采一直是采矿技术中的难题之一。 本论文首先以建江煤矿为研究对象，通过相似材料模拟、数值模拟和理论分析相结合的综合研究方法，对水平双巷综采、“伪斜小面”混采和大推进度巷道放顶煤三种开采方法的围岩变形、破坏和运移规律及巷道稳定性进行了对比分析，确定大推进度巷道放顶煤为最优的开采方案。其次利用相似材料模拟实验研究了大推进度巷道放顶煤顶煤运移规律以及煤层厚度和煤层倾角与回采率之间的关系。主要取得了以下研究成果： （1）“伪斜小面混采”开采方法应力释放区呈驼峰状分布，巷道的位移轮廓呈非对称分布，巷道顶底板以拉伸破坏为主，两帮则以剪切破坏为主，塑性破坏在煤层与底板接触面上均呈现沿接触面延伸，且随着煤层倾角的增大，采场围岩的稳定性越好。 （2）煤层倾角大于70时，放煤过程中容易形成拱结构，且倾角越大，拱形结构高度越大，结构也越稳定；煤层倾角小于60时，不会在放煤口上方形成拱形结构。 （3）煤层倾角相同，煤层厚度小的回采率高。其它条件相同，煤层倾角大，顶煤沿走向和倾向的流动角大。当煤层倾角在60~80时，回采率为85%左右，随着煤层倾角的增大，回采率降低。 本论文的研究对急倾斜煤层巷道放顶煤开采理论及相似条件煤层的开采有一定的参考价值。

Steep coal reserves of the national coal reserves of about 15% ~ 20% or so, especially in China's western mining area more than 50% of mine mining steep coal seam is urgent. Nasty steep coal seam mining has been one of the problem of mining technology. This paper firstly to build Jian Jiang coal as the research object, by similar material simulation, numerical simulation and theory analysis combination of integrated research methods to mining, "double lane level of pseudo inclined small face" mix mining and big push degrees of roadway sub-level caving roadway mining methods of three kinds of stability and analyzed, determine the big push degrees of roadway sub-level caving mining scheme for optimal. Secondly use similar material simulation study the big push degrees caving roadway sub-level caving migration regularity and thickness of coal seam and coal seam inclination and the relationship between stoping rate. Main draw the following conclusions: （1）"False inclined small face mix spirit" mining methods stress release area, a hump shape distribution of roadway displacement contour is asymmetric, stretch the roof and floor of roadway destruction is given priority to, two help criterion with shear failure is given priority to, the plastic damage in coal seam and the bottom contact surface are significantly extends along the surface, and with the increase of coal seam mining Angle, the better the stability of surrounding rocks. （2）Coal seam, Angle than 70 caving process easy to form the arch structure, and high Angle, arch structure, the greater the structure is also more stable; Less than 60 Angle when coal caving mouth, not in the above form arch structure. （3）Coal seam thickness of coal seam Angle, the same small recovery rate is high. Other conditions, the same large dip Angle, caving coal along toward the flow Angle and tendency. When coal seam in60~80, stoping rate Angle for 85%, with the increase of coal seam, dip the recovery rate reduced. This paper studies for acute steep coal seam roadway sub-level caving mining theory and similar conditions seam mining has certain reference value.