煤炭行业的健康、稳定、持续发展是关系到国家能源战略安全的重大问题。但是随着我国煤矿开采逐步向深部转移，有相当数量的矿井出现瓦斯与煤自燃共存灾害的新问题。 本文基于近距离易自燃煤层群开采实际条件，通过理论分析、实验室测试、相似材料模拟、数值模拟、现场工业性试验等方法，研究近距离易自燃煤层群采动覆岩裂隙演化规律，复合采空区遗煤自燃特性及自然发火规律，分析了近距离煤层复合采空区瓦斯与煤自燃耦合致灾区域，提出近距离煤层复合采空区瓦斯与煤自燃耦合致灾机理，优化、开发适于近距离易自燃煤层群的瓦斯抽采与防灭火协同防控技术体系。主要研究内容及成果如下： 论文选择典型的瓦斯与煤自燃灾害共存矿井，利用程序升温实验装置，研究了不同粒度煤样的自燃特性参数，得到经历二次氧化煤样的自燃规律。基于自主研发的瓦斯吸附与自燃性程序升温一体化装置，研究了瓦斯含量对煤自燃特性的影响规律。利用大型煤自燃发火实验台，掌握了煤自燃发生、发展的过程，明确了煤自然发火的规律。 通过物理相似模拟试验及UDEC数值模拟，分析了近距离煤层群开采后上覆岩层垮落特性、底板应力分布及覆岩裂隙演化规律。近距离煤层群在重复采动条件下，形成了不同于单层煤开采的覆岩裂隙演化规律及支承压力分布特征，在整个下行开采过程中，覆岩裂隙经历了产生、扩张、压实、再扩张、再压实等5个动态变化阶段。在实验分析的基础上，建立了近距离煤层重复采动裂隙椭抛带的空间分布数学模型。 构建了裂隙尺度空间瓦斯与煤自燃耦合致灾机理，提出裂隙场、温度场及渗流场3场交汇时致灾充要条件。引入分形理论对采动裂隙网络进行素描，得到上下两层煤不同推进距离的分形维数，进而得到采空区孔隙-裂隙分形特征，构建了采空区裂隙场气体运移方程；基于分子动理论，构建煤体内部气体扩散方程。 建立CFD模型，从通风、抽采、注氮3个方面分别进行了模拟，分析了三者对采场自燃“三带”和瓦斯分布的影响，并结合理论分析，从而确定了防治复合采空区瓦斯与煤自燃共生灾害的防治方法。并现场试验了巷道超前钻孔导流抽采和复合采空区注氮防灭火技术，验证了协同防控技术效果，建立了适合近距离煤层复合采空区瓦斯与煤自燃共生灾害协同防控技术体系。

Healthy, stable and sustainable development of coal industry is an important issue which is related to national energy strategy security. But with coal mining in our country gradually move to the deep, there are a certain number of new problems about coexistence of mine gas and coal spontaneous combustion hazard. This article is based on the actual conditions that is close range and easy spontaneous combustion of coal seam group, through theoretical analysis, laboratory test, similar material simulation and numerical simulation, field observation and methods of industrial test, the article study the close easy spontaneous combustion of coal seam group and the evolution law of mining overburden rock crack, composite traces of gob coal spontaneous combustion characteristics and law of spontaneous combustion, the gob of close distance composite coal seam are analyzed and the characteristics of coal spontaneous combustion disaster gob of close distance coal seam composite and the mechanism of coal spontaneous combustion coupling and optimization are put forward, developing the system that is suited to close range and easy spontaneous combustion of coal seam group in gas extraction with fire prevention and control technology. The main research content is as follows: Paper choose typical mine gas and coal spontaneous combustion hazard，using temperature programmed experiment device, to study the spontaneous combustion characteristic parameters of different particle size of coal samples and get the rule of coal samples through secondary oxidation of the spontaneous combustion. Based on gas absorption and spontaneous combustion temperature programmed integrated device of independent research and development, studying the effect of the gas content of coal spontaneous combustion characteristics. Use of large coal spontaneous combustion experiment platform and master the process of coal spontaneous combustion occurrence, development and made clear that the law of the coal spontaneous combustion. Through the physical analog simulation experiment and the UDEC numerical simulation, the article analyzes the characteristics of close range coal seam group mining overburden after caving, floor stress distribution and evolutionary regularity of overburden rock fracture. Under the condition of repeated mining, the close distance coal seam group formed crack evolution law of mining coal and the abutment pressure distribution characteristics different from single, in the whole process of the downward mining, strata cranny has experienced five stages including the produce, expansion, compaction, expansion and compaction dynamic change. On the basis of experimental analysis, the article establishes a close distance coal seam repeated mining fissure elliptic cast with the spatial distribution of mathematical model. Build the fracture scale space gas and coal spontaneous combustion mechanism of coupling and form necessary and sufficient condition to present that will form disaster about fracture field, temperature field and seepage field. Fractal theory is introduced to sketch of mining-induced fracture network, get two floors coal fractal dimension of different forward distance, and get the characteristics of pore-fracture of gob. Build the gob fracture field equation of gas migration, on the basis of the theory of molecular motion, build internal coal gas diffusion equation. CFD model is established on the basis of the measured, from three aspects that ventilation, extraction, nitrogen injection are simulated respectively, and analyze the three mine spontaneous combustion "three zones" and the influence of the gas distribution, and combining with theoretical analysis, and determine the prevention and control of compound symbiosis with coal spontaneous combustion gob disasters prevention and cure. Based on disaster prevention and cure of symbiosis, field test in advance roadway borehole diversion extraction and composite gob fire prevention technique of nitrogen injection, verify the synergistic effect of prevention and control technology, set up coal spontaneous combustion gob disaster monitoring, monitoring and control system of coordinated control technology that is suitable for close coal seam compound symbiosis.