在常规能源危机与环境污染日益突出的今天，大力发展太阳能等可再生能源已经成为世界各国的共识，这也使得太阳能光伏产业在近些年来发展较为迅猛。发展太阳能光伏发电不仅可以减少对环境的污染，而且还能够满足那些远离市区的无电或缺电家庭的用电需求。目前，像独立式光伏发电系统进入家庭的发展趋势也较为迅速。 本文对家用太阳能光伏发电系统进行了研究和设计。首先在太阳能电池工作原理的基础上对其输出特性进行了仿真。根据其输出的非线性关系，阐述了最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)的原理，并结合DC-DC变换器对常用的MPPT算法进行了仿真。通过对比几种方法的优缺点，给出了一种新型MPPT算法。接着对储能蓄电池的充放电特性进行了研究，然后根据负载的要求计算了蓄电池的容量，并采用Boost变换器对其进行充电控制。 其次，考虑到蓄电池组的电压等级较低，为使输出220V的交流电，通过分析几种拓扑结构，最终采用“推挽升压电路+全桥逆变”的电源设计方案以提高整个系统的效率，设计包括硬件和软件两部分。在推挽电路中介绍了各元器件参数的选择、高频变压器的设计及其控制电路等，其中PWM驱动电路输出采用图腾柱的方式以增强其驱动能力；逆变电路同样给出了功率开关管、滤波器的选取方法，并设计了过流保护和电压采样调理电路，对滤波器传递函数的仿真验证了设计的合理性。在软件设计中，基于DSP实现了MPPT控制、SPWM驱动信号的生成和PI闭环反馈控制。 最后，论文给出了相关实验电路的调试结果，从中可以看出，所设计的电路实现了各部分的功能，并验证了设计的合理性。

Nowadays conventional energy crisis and the environmental pollution have become increasingly prominent. To develop other renewable energy sources, such as solar, has become a consensus among the countries of the world, which also makes the solar photovoltaic industry develop more rapidly in recent years. It not only can reduce the environmental pollution, but also can meet the demand for electricity for the families which are far away from urban area and without electricity or lack of electricity to develop the solar photovoltaic power generation. At present, trend of the independent photovoltaic power generation system into the families also develops more quickly. The solar photovoltaic power generation system for the families is researched and designed in this paper. Firstly, the output characteristics of the solar cells are simulated on the basis of its working principles. The principle of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is explained according to the non-linear relationship of the output characteristics of the solar cells. Some commonly used maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are simulated, which are combined with DC-DC converter. A novel MPPT algorithm is presented by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of them. Then properties of the charge and discharge of the battery, which is used to store energy, are researched. After that the capacity of it is calculated according to the requirements of the load. The former circuit uses the Boost converter to charge up the battery. Secondly, taking the low voltage level of the battery into account and in order to output 220V AC, the structure of “push-pull boost circuit + full-bridge inverter” is used finally through the analysis of several topology structures to improve the efficiency of the whole system. Design of the whole system includes both hardware and software. Selection of the parameters of each component、design of the high frequency transformer and its control circuit are introduced in the push-pull circuit, where the output PWM drive circuit uses the totem pole to enhance its drive ability. The inverse circuit also shows the selection methods of the power switch and filter. The over-current protection and sampling circuit of the voltage are designed in this part. Simulation results of the transfer function of the filter prove the rationality of the design. In this design part of the software, control of the MPPT、generation of the drive signal of SPWM and closed-loop feedback control of PI regulation are realized based on DSP. Finally, this paper gives out the debugging results of relevant experimental circuit, which realize the function of each part and verify the rationality of the design.