橡胶沥青具有良好的高温、低温和抗疲劳性能，但同时存在储存性能差、黏度大等问题，制约了其在道路工程中的推广应用。因此，活化改性技术被采用以改善胶粉在沥青中的相容性问题，但多数改性技术成本高、能耗高、操作流程复杂或危险。基于餐饮废油成本低、能耗低等优点，选用餐饮废油对胶粉进行活化处理，可提高胶粉与沥青的相容性，降低橡胶沥青黏度并改善其路用性能，同时实现废旧材料的循环利用，对可持续发展具有重要意义。本文以餐饮废油和胶粉作为沥青的改性剂，通过餐饮废油对胶粉进行活化处理，制备得到餐饮废油活化胶粉及其改性沥青，并对餐饮废油活化胶粉改性沥青及其混合料性能进行研究。主要研究内容如下：

（1）以溶解度为餐饮废油活化胶粉表征指标，研究了餐饮废油活化胶粉制备工艺，确定了其适宜的制备参数：常温活化方式，胶粉目数60目，活化时间48h，胶油比为24:5。对比分析餐饮废油活化胶粉表面形貌和官能团变化，阐明餐饮废油活化胶粉的作用机理，结果表明餐饮废油活化胶粉表面光滑呈现出蓬松絮状聚集，结构稳定性减弱。餐饮废油与胶粉之间主要以物理作用为主，同时存在部分化学反应。

（2）结合针入度、延度、软化点和黏度等指标，确定了餐饮废油活化胶粉改性沥青的适宜制备工艺：制备温度180℃，剪切时间50min，剪切速率4000r/min。分析餐饮废油活化胶粉改性沥青的基本性能、流变性能、抗老化性能和储存稳定性能，并与基质沥青、橡胶沥青、脱硫胶粉改性沥青和餐饮废油-橡胶沥青（餐饮废油与胶粉同时加入基质沥青对其进行改性）进行对比，结果表明餐饮废油活化胶粉改性沥青高温性能略有下降，低温性能优异，黏度显著降低，流动性较好，同时抗老化性能和储存稳定性能提升明显。

（3）通过扫描电镜、红外光谱等测试方法，阐明餐饮废油活化胶粉-沥青间改性机理。结果表明采用餐饮废油活化胶粉后，胶粉表面结构疏松、活性增强，在沥青中分散更均匀，溶胀溶解更为充分。餐饮废油活化胶粉与沥青之间主要发生物理共混作用，并存在少量化学反应。运用分子动力学模拟从分子角度探究餐饮废油活化胶粉对沥青的作用机理，表明餐饮废油活化胶粉在沥青中扩散较快，与沥青具有更好的相容性，其体系具有更高的稳定性。

（4）通过高温车辙试验、小梁弯曲试验和浸水马歇尔试验进行测试分析，验证了餐饮废油活化胶粉改性沥青AC-13混合料路用性能，结果表明餐饮废油活化胶粉改性沥青混合料满足现行规范要求，其高温稳定性略有降低，但具有较好的低温抗裂性和水稳定性。

Rubber asphalt has good high temperature, low temperature, and fatigue resistance performance, but it also has problems such as poor storage performance and high viscosity, which restrict its promotion and application in road engineering. Therefore, activation modification technology is adopted to improve the compatibility of crumb rubber in asphalt, but most modification technologies have high costs, high energy consumption, complex or dangerous operating procedures. Based on the advantages of low cost and low energy consumption of catering waste oil, using catering waste oil for activation treatment of crumb rubber can improve the compatibility between crumb rubber and asphalt, reduce the viscosity of rubber asphalt and improve its road performance. At the same time, it can achieve the recycling of waste materials, which is of great significance for promoting sustainable development. The catering waste oil and crumb rubber as modifiers for asphalt in this paper, and the crumb rubber will be activated through catering waste oil to prepare catering waste oil activated crumb rubber and its modified asphalt. Then, the performance of catering waste oil activated crumb rubber modified asphalt and its mixture is studied. The main research content are as follows:

(1) Using solubility as the characterization index of activated crumb rubber for catering waste oil, the preparation process of activated crumb rubber for catering waste oil was studied, and the suitable preparation parameters were determined: room temperature activation method, 60 mesh crumb rubber, 48 hours activation time, and a rubber oil ratio of 24:5. The surface morphology and functional group changes of catering waste oil activated crumb rubber were comparatived and analyzed, and the mechanism of action of catering waste oil activated crumb rubber was expounded. The results show that the surface of catering waste oil activated crumb rubber is smooth and presents fluffy flocculent aggregation, with weakened structural stability. The main interaction between catering waste oil and crumb rubber is physical, and there are also some chemical reactions.

(2) Based on indicators such as penetration, elongation, softening point, and viscosity, the optimal preparation process for modified asphalt with activated crumb rubber from catering waste oil was studied and determined: preparation temperature of 180℃, shear time of 50 minutes, and shear rate of 4000 r/min. The basic properties, rheological properties, anti-aging properties and storage stability of catering waste oil activated crumb rubber modified asphalt were compared with those of virgin asphalt, rubber asphalt, desulfurized crumb rubber modified asphalt and catering waste oil rubber asphalt (catering waste oil and crumb rubber were modified by adding virgin asphalt at the same time). The results show that the asphalt modified by catering waste oil activated crumb rubber has a slight decline in high-temperature performance, excellent low-temperature performance, a significant reduction in viscosity, good liquidity, and anti-aging performance and storage stability are significantly improved.

(3) The mechanism of modification between catering waste oil activated crumb rubber-asphalt was elucidated by scanning electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy testing methods. The results show that after using catering waste oil to activate crumb rubber, the surface structure of the crumb rubber was loose, the activity was enhanced, and it was dispersed more evenly in asphalt, with more complete swelling and dissolution. The main physical blending between activated crumb rubber from catering waste oil and asphalt occurs, and there is a small amount of chemical reaction. Using molecular dynamics simulation to explore the mechanism of action of catering waste oil activated crumb rubber on asphalt from a molecular perspective, it is shown that catering waste oil activated crumb rubber diffuses quickly in asphalt, has better compatibility with asphalt, and its system has higher stability.

(4) Through high-temperature rutting test, beam bending test, and immersion Marshall test, the road performance of AC-13 modified asphalt mixture with activated crumb rubber from catering waste oil was verified. The results show that the modified asphalt mixture with activated crumb rubber from catering waste oil met the current specification requirements, and its high-temperature stability is slightly reduced, but it has good low-temperature crack resistance and water stability.