南渡江是海南省的第一大江，流域内人口众多，其水质水资源情况直接影响着当地用水安全和水环境质量。但目前来看，局部地区存在水资源紧缺、水体黑臭、河道功能退化丧失、市政建设严重破坏了城区河网水系的完整性、湿地萎缩等水环境问题。如果单靠传统的监测手段无法及时有效地监测水体污染物扩散情况。因此，构建南渡江水污染扩散模拟系统，揭示污染物在水环境中的迁移扩散规律，对区域内的可持续发展具有现实意义。本文基于GIS技术和RS技术，以Visual Studio .NET为平台，以Landsat-8和DEM为数据源，开发了南渡江水污染扩散模拟系统并针对可能发生水污染的区域进行了水污染扩散模拟实验。主要研究内容及结果如下：

（1）利用GIS技术和RS技术实现了从DEM数据源到南渡江河道水体的自动化精确提取，主要包括水文特征数据提取、河道面状数据提取、河道断面数据提取。其中，提出了一种基于DEM自适应搜索的Landsat 8 -OLI影像线状水体提取方法，研究发现，该方法能够有效提高基于光谱信息的水体提取的精度。

（2）使用水污染扩散模拟功能模块，首先对河道进行了模拟断面的自动化划分，然后结合污染源空间分布特征及污染评价标准，以化学需氧量和氨氮两种污染物为例，模拟了南渡江污染点源排放污染物后不同时长下的污染物随水体的迁移扩散过程，并通过其他辅助功能模块实现模拟结果的可视化表达。

（3）采用三层C/S模式，以水质模型为理论基础，结合ArcEngine二次开发技术进行系统总体架构设计，构建南渡江水污染扩散模拟原型系统。

      Nandu River is the largest river in Hainan Province, with a large population in the basin, and its water quality and water resources directly affect the local water safety and water environment quality. However, at present, there are water shortages in local areas, black odor of water bodies, degradation and loss of river functions, municipal construction has seriously damaged the integrity of the urban river network water system, shrinking wetlands and other water environment problems. If the traditional monitoring means alone can not monitor the dispersion of pollutants in water bodies in a timely and effective manner. Therefore, the urgent task is how to use information technology to construct a simulation system for water pollution dispersion in the Nandu River in order to reveal the diffusion of pollutants in the water environment, which is of practical significance to the sustainable development of the region. Therefore, based on GIS technology and RS technology, Visual Studio .NET is used as the platform, Landsat-8 and DEM is used as the data source to develop a water pollution dispersion simulation system of Nandu River and conduct water pollution dispersion simulation experiments for the area where water pollution may occur, so as to provide scientific basis for the healthy and sustainable use of water environment. The main research contents and results are as follows:

(1)GIS technology and RS technology are used to realize the automated and accurate extraction of water bodies from DEM data sources to the Nandu River channel, which mainly includes hydrological feature extraction and river surface data extraction. Among them, a method of linear water body extraction from Landsat 8 -OLI images based on DEM adaptive search is proposed, and it is found that the method can effectively improve the accuracy of water body extraction based on spectral information.

(2)Using the water pollution dispersion simulation function module, the automated division of the simulated section of the river was firstly carried out, and then the migration and dispersion process of pollutants with the water body under different time lengths after the discharge of pollutants from pollution point sources in Nandu River was simulated by combining the spatial distribution characteristics of pollution sources and pollution evaluation standards, taking two pollutants, chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen, as examples, and the visual expression of simulation results was realized by other auxiliary function modules.

(3)Using the three-layer C/S model, the overall system architecture design is carried out based on the water quality model and combined with ArcEngine secondary development technology to build a prototype system for simulation of water pollution dispersion in Nandu River.

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