本文以西安科技型中小企业的技术创新能力研究为主题，从理论探索、实证研究、存在的问题和解决对策四个方面进行了阐述。 本文首先分析了科技型中小企业的划分标准，并结合西安的实际情况定义了科技型中小企业。在基本理论部分，较为详细地研究了技术创新的含义、特点、影响因素，对有关技术创新的理论演变进行了总结和概括，并对技术创新与促进经济增长、形成企业核心竞争力方面进行了分析，指出科技型中小企业机制灵活，适应能力强，是中小企业中最具活力和发展前景的企业，技术创新是科技型中小企业发展的动力和源泉，研究科技型中小企业的技术创新能力问题，揭示其技术创新过程和机制，有利于以高新技术产业带动改造传统产业，推动地区经济的持续快速发展。 其次，本文对西安科技型中小企业技术创新的现状进行了实证研究：第一，从行业分布、组织形式、技术创新的模式等方面分析了西安科技型中小企业的发展概况，指出西安市拥有的技术创新优势，以高新区为模本，总结了西安在扶持技术创新、实施项目转化战略、企业孵化器建设方面取得的成就；第二，以企业的创新产出能力、创新投入能力、研究开发能力、市场销售能力和组织管理能力五方面为基础，建立了技术创新评价指标体系，并运用模糊综合评价法对样本企业西安恩科网络技术有限公司的技术创新情况进行了实证研究，测算了该公司的技术创新能力，基本符合实际，证明了本文构建的技术创新评价指标体系的可行性；第三，在问卷调查的基础上根据获取的相关数据资料加以整理，将理论同实践有机结合，总结出西安科技型中小企业技术创新的八个特点。 然后，结合上述研究，分析了西安科技型中小企业在技术创新的过程中存在的问题，由于企业在自身主体建设上存在创新意识不强，资金不足，人才要素缺乏，管理体制不健全等问题，制约了企业的技术创新能力；在技术创新的外部宏观环境上，存在融资渠道狭窄，市场竞争环境不公平，法律制度、社会化服务体系不完善，政策支持力度不够等问题，导致了中小企业的社会交易成本过高，影响了企业竞争力的提高。 本文最后结合实际情况，提出了增强西安科技型中小企业技术创新能力的建议和对策。一是中小企业应增加研发投入，提高人力资源利用率，加快体制改革步伐，完善内部治理结构，完善技术创新的产权激励机制；二是政府应发挥主导协调作用，加大财政支持力度，拓宽融资渠道，积极推进科技兴贸；三是健全法律体系，加强知识产权保护，创造扶持有利于中小企业生存和发展的经济、法律和市场环境；四是健全科技型中小企业技术创新的社会化服务体系，加大政策扶持力度，发挥技术创新的扩散效应，促进科技型中小企业的集群化发展。 本研究具有以下创新点：一是使用先进的研究方法，根据西安的实际情况确定了技术创新能力的评估指标，建立的技术创新评价指标体系有一定的可行性，采用的模糊综合评价法能较客观的反映企业技术创新的实际情况，具有一定的可操作性；二是使用了先进的研究思路，丰富和发展了区域和企业技术创新的有关理论，从技术创新能力增强企业竞争力的角度论述了科技型中小企业加大研究开发投入，完善技术创新体系，实现集群化发展，西安以高新技术产业改造传统产业，才能增强地区经济活力。

The thesis focuses on technological innovation ability in Xi'an medium-small-sized enterprises of science and technology in four respects: theory exploration, positive research, restricted factors and strategy design. The thesis begins with the help of the research of the clarifying standard of medium-small-sized enterprises of science and technology, it gives the definition of such enterprise under considering the fact of Xi'an. Based on the research of technological innovation both at home and abroad, it defines the concept and characters of technological innovation, points out the relationship between the technological innovation and economic growth, it is an effective way to implement technological innovation of Xi'an medium-small-sized enterprises of science and technology, to enhance enterprise competitiveness and foster economic development of Xi'an. In the positive research section, the thesis first generalize the technological innovation characters of Xi'an Medium-small-sized Enterprises of Science and technology from the respects of advantages, trade distribution and mode, then analyses innovation characters of Xi'an En'ke Network Limited Company, establishes technological innovation quota system according to five factors, evaluate the innovative ability of sample enterprise by confused mathematics, finally on the basis of investigation, gives the eight technological innovation features of Xi'an medium-small-sized enterprises of science and technology. Combined with the analysis above, the paper points out the restricted factors of Xi'an medium-small-sized enterprises of science and technology from inward enterprise environment and outward policy environment, such as short of creative awareness and technicians, the unfair market competition, the lack of government support, which lead to the low level of technological innovation and competitiveness. In the end, the paper shows the strategy to promote the innovation of Xi'an medium-small-sized enterprises of science and technology. The enterprises should establish motivation institution, reform management system, utilize technological innovation to enhance competitiveness, the government should adopt financial supporting measures to help medium-small-sized enterprises of science and technology, to create better market and law environment for enterprise innovation, to equip traditional industries with high technology by making full use of spillover effects of technological innovation, in order to enhance the zone economic standard. This paper has some creative points: One is using advanced research method, establish technological innovation quota system according to Xi'an situation and the evaluate method is practicable; the other one is using advanced research way of thinking, based on investigation, put forward useful suggestions to improve Xi'an region innovation level.