矿山开发活动是在特定的区域、特定的时间内有计划地进行一系列重大开发活动，它具有占地面积大，性质复杂，不确定因素多，环境影响范围大等特征。在矿山环境评价中，国内外主要是针对单一因子的评价和宏观性的评价，在影响因子之间的链状关系及环境效应方面研究较少，因此针对矿山环境综合因素所造成的矿山环境效应影响而进行系统性的评价研究显得重要而紧迫。本论文对矿山开发环境效应影响评价系统的研究不是针对矿山开发中单要素或针对单个矿山开发项目的评价，而是以可持续发展的观点，并运用系统分析的观点分析矿山开发造成的地质灾害、环境污染两个方面的环境效应，考虑到评价因素、因子之间的相互制约、彼此叠加，环环相扣的链状关系，也即环境效应链，运用灰色关联分析解决评价因素、因子的关联度问题，再结合关联度确定其权重，建立矿山环境效应的模糊多层次综合评判模型。最后针对陕西彬长矿区亭南矿井煤矿运用此模型进行环境效应影响系统的评价，得出评价结果，符合现实情况。本论文的最终目的是规范和完善矿山开发活动，为矿山区域生态与开发造成的环境破坏的综合防治提供科学依据，同时也为矿山开发的区域开发规划和管理提供决策依据。

The mineral’s exploitation, which happens in specific region, at the specific time, is carried out with a series of significant development operation according to the plan. Its characteristic includes the area in a big way, complex nature, many uncertain elements, big environmental effect scope and so on. Mineral’s environmental evaluation mainly aims at the single factor appraisal and the macroscopic appraisal in domestic and foreign countries, lacking of studying the influence factor chain shape relations and the environmental effect aspect, Therefore it is important and urgent to research systematic appraisal which aims at the mine environmental synthesis factor created by the mine environmental effect influence. It is not just aiming at the single essential factor or the single mine development project in the mine development environmental effect influence appraisal system,. But with the sustainable development viewpoint and the system analysis viewpoint, geological disaster and two aspects in environmental pollution effect which creates using analysis mine development are researched, considering the relation between the appraisal factor and the single factor which are mutual restricted and superimposed, linking together like chain shape, It is also named the environmental effect chain. After the utilization of gray connection to analyze and solute appraisal factor, a factor connection question, recombination connection determined its weight, the fuzzy multi-level synthesis judgment model with mine environmental effect is established. Finally, this model is valid and practical by utilizing to carry on the environmental effect influence system, obtaining the appraisal result at Binchang coal mine in the south of Shan’xi, The final goal is to reach the standard and the consummation mine development operation unanimous, create synthesis preventing and controlling for the mine region ecology and the development which the environmental destroys to provide the scientific basis, simultaneously it also provides the policy-making basis for planning the mine development region development and management.