随着国家建筑节能政策法规的实施，在实现建筑节能过程中，建筑材料扮演着一个至关重要的角色。就墙体材料而言，粉煤灰加气混凝土材料以它突出的轻质、利废、保温、节能的优点日益成为人们研究的重点。目前粉煤灰加气混凝土材料单纯利用其结构本身的微孔结构起到保温隔热作用，要想达到更加轻质、保温的目的，就要增加气孔率，这将影响材料的强度性能；粉煤灰加气混凝土材料的生产工艺大都采用高温蒸压养护，养护过程耗能多，不利于节能，这些都制约了其应用。为实现未来的墙体材料发展目标，研制开发免蒸压粉煤灰轻质墙体材料显得尤为必要。 本文在免蒸压生产工艺条件下，采用粉煤灰、水泥、石灰、石膏、膨胀珍珠岩为原材料，通过实验研究了原材料和水胶比及外加剂等因素对粉煤灰轻质墙体材料性能的影响，采用正交实验方法，借助正交实验结果分析，得出膨胀珍珠岩和粉煤灰的掺量是影响免蒸压粉煤灰轻质墙体材料性能的主要因素。其中，对于制品的干体积密度，珍珠岩的掺量影响特别显著，粉煤灰的掺量有一定的影响；对于28d抗压强度，珍珠岩的掺量影响特别显著，粉煤灰的掺量影响显著；石灰和石膏的掺量对制品性能影响较小。最终得出符合500级粉煤灰加气砼砌块相关性能要求的免蒸压粉煤灰轻质墙体材料的最佳配合比为：粉煤灰55％，石灰16％，珍珠岩6％，石膏4％，水泥19％。 本文研究了免蒸压粉煤灰轻质墙体材料生产工艺。通过实验发现，在免蒸压生产工艺条件下，粉煤灰激发剂的使用及拌入方法、料浆搅拌的投料顺序、料浆发气速度与稠化速度的协调、料浆的浇注温度等对制品最终性能均有一定影响。另一方面，本文对免蒸压粉煤灰轻质墙体材料的反应机理和粉煤灰活性激发机理进行了初步探讨。 本实验研究在免蒸压生产工艺条件下生产出新型粉煤灰墙体材料，节约了生产设备投资，降低了能耗，不仅能实现粉煤灰的资源化，还可为墙体材料的改革提供一种新的途径，具有较好的经济效益和社会效益。

With the implement of the laws of the saving-energy on the national construction, the building materials play an extraordinary important role in the process of carrying out this plan. In regard to the wall materials, the present autoclaved fly-ash aerated concrete is a noticeable one because of its outstanding merits such as light weight, using waste, heat preservation and saving energy. But the present autoclaved fly-ash aerated concrete can preserve heat only by micropore in its body, and the effect of this kind of wall material is often bad; in order to decrease its weight and to strengthen the performance of heat preservation, its micropore percentage will be increased, while its intensity will be weaken. On the other hand, the present autoclaved fly-ash aerated concrete was produced in the condition of autoclaved. The process is complex and it will use a lot of energy. These are the checks in its applying. In order to achieve the target of the future wall material, it is necessary to research and manufacture a new type non-autoclaved light quality wall material. In this paper, the effects of fly ash, cement, lime, gesso, inflated pearlite, w/c ratio and additional agent on non-autoclaved fly ash light quality wall material were studied by experiments in the technology of non-autoclaved conditions. It concluded that the inflated pearlite and fly ash are main factors that affect the property of non-autoclaved fly ash light quality wall material by orthogonal experiment results. And the amount of inflated pearlite affect observably the 28th intensity of pressure of non-autoclaved fly ash light quality wall material, the amount of fly ash affect mainly it and the amount of lime and gesso have a little effect on it. At last, the best combination ratio which equal to fly ash aerated concrete block whose density varies from 451kg/m3 to 550kg/m3 of non-autoclaved fly ash light quality wall material is fly ash account for 55%, lime account for 16%, inflated pearlite account for 6%, gesso account for 4%, cement account for 19%, which was obtained by experiment. In this research, the production craft of products was studied. Through the experiments, it is obvious that some factors have effect on the property of non-autoclaved fly ash light quality wall material in some degree, such as the amount and the way of using fly ash activation agent, the sequence of commixing the slurry, the speed of producing gas and concreting in the slurry is equal or not, the temperature of the slurry and so on. On the other hand, the research carry on the first step study on the mechanism of the chemical reaction between non-autoclaved fly ash light quality wall material’s components with water and the mechanism about how to inspire fly ash activity. In this experiment, a new kind of fly ash wall material was produced in the craft of non-autoclaved condition. In this condition, the production can save the equipments investment, reduce the consume of energy. Non-autoclaved fly ash light quality wall material not only become fly ash into resources, but also provide a new kind of bullding materials for the innovation of wall materials, which has good economy and society benefits.