随着国家基础设施建设的发展及“一带一路”战略的推进，寒区工程建设的数量及规模在不断增加，冻融灾害成为影响寒区工程建设的首要问题。而实际工程中，岩体不仅存在裂隙、节理等诸多天然初始损伤，所承受的荷载也越来越复杂，包括冲击、爆破、地震等动荷载作用。因此，为揭示冻融损伤、裂隙损伤及动荷载损伤对岩体强度、变形和损伤破坏等力学效应的影响，本文开展完整及裂隙红砂岩的冻融循环试验和冲击压缩试验，研究其动态力学行为。基于统计损伤理论和元件模型理论，建立冻融岩石动态损伤演化方程及本构模型；进而考虑裂隙损伤的影响，构建冻融裂隙岩体动态损伤演化方程及本构模型。主要研究内容及结论如下：

(1) 对饱水状态下的完整岩样和0°、45°的裂隙岩样分别进行冻融循环试验，当冻融次数达到0次、10次、20次、40次时，再进行4组不同应变率下的SHPB冲击压缩试验，研究裂隙倾角、冻融次数及应变率对岩体动态破坏行为的影响。试验表明：岩石的冻融损伤过程是由表及里进行的，劣化模式可以归纳为：颗粒剥落模式、片状剥落模式及块状剥落模式；冲击荷载作用下，冻融裂隙红砂岩的应力-应变曲线总体趋势基本一致，可划分为三个阶段：弹性变形阶段、塑性变形阶段和损伤破坏阶段，整个变形破坏过程中表现出明显的弹塑性变形特征以及粘性特征。

(2) 根据岩石SHPB冲击压缩变形破坏全过程特征，考虑岩石材料的非均匀性质，基于统计损伤理论和元件模型理论，建立冻融岩石动态损伤本构模型，理论表征冻融损伤与动荷载损伤的耦合效应及其诱发的宏观力学响应，揭示不同冻融循环次数及应变率下岩石的损伤破坏机制。结果表明：冻融因子、动荷载因子共同作用使岩石总损伤加剧，但其耦合作用又使得总损伤有所弱化；损伤模型理论曲线与试验曲线吻合良好，能够准确描述冻融循环作用下岩石的动态变形破坏过程，验证了模型的可靠性。

(3) 考虑裂隙倾角的影响，将动荷载作用下冻融裂隙岩体等效为预制裂隙引起的初始损伤及预制裂隙后冻融-动荷载引起的总损伤，建立以裂隙倾角、冻融循环次数和应变率为控制变量的冻融裂隙岩体动态损伤演化方程和损伤本构模型。研究表明：裂隙初始损伤、冻融损伤和动荷载损伤三者共同作用使岩体总损伤加剧，但任意两种损伤的耦合效应又使总损伤有所弱化，从细观损伤演化角度揭示了三种损伤耦合作用下的非线性响应和宏观变形破坏特征；该模型理论曲线与试验曲线取得了较好的一致性，反映了冻融、裂隙以及动荷载对岩石材料损伤扩展相互耦合、相互影响的非线性特性。

With the development of national infrastructure construction and the promotion of the Belt and Road Initiative, the number and scale of construction projects in cold regions are increasing, and freeze-thaw disasters have become the primary issue affecting the construction of projects in cold regions. In practical engineering, rock mass not only has many natural initial damages such as cracks and joints, but also bears more and more complex loads, including dynamic loads such as impact, blasting and earthquake. Therefore, to reveal the influence of freeze-thaw damage, crack damage and dynamic load damage on the mechanical effects of rock mass strength, deformation and damage, this paper carried out the freeze-thaw cycle test and impact compression test of intact and crack red sandstone to study its dynamic mechanical behavior. Based on statistical damage theory and component model theory, the dynamic damage evolution equation and constitutive model of freeze-thaw rock are established. Then considering the influence of fracture damage, the dynamic damage evolution equation and constitutive model of freeze-thaw fractured rock mass are constructed.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows :

(1) Complete rock samples under saturated condition and 0°, 45° crack rock samples were subjected to freeze-thaw cycles. When the number of freeze-thaw cycles reached 0, 10, 20 and 40 times, four groups of SHPB impact compression tests under different strain rates were carried out to study the effects of fracture inclination, freeze-thaw cycles and strain rate on the dynamic failure behavior of rock mass. The test shows that the freeze-thaw damage process of rock is carried out from the surface to the inside, and the degradation modes can be summarized as particle spalling mode, flake spalling mode and block spalling mode. Under impact load, the overall trend of stress-strain curve of freeze-thaw fractured red sandstone is basically the same, which can be divided into three stages: elastic deformation stage, plastic deformation stage and damage and failure stage. The whole deformation and failure process shows obvious elastic-plastic deformation characteristics and viscous characteristics.

(2) According to the whole process characteristics of rock SHPB impact compression deformation and failure, considering the non-uniformity of rock materials, based on statistical damage theory and component model theory, the dynamic damage constitutive model of freeze-thaw rock is established. The coupling effect of freeze-thaw damage and dynamic load damage and the macroscopic mechanical response induced by freeze-thaw damage are theoretically characterized, and the damage and failure mechanism of rock under different freeze-thaw cycles and strain rates are revealed. The results show that the combined action of freeze-thaw factor and dynamic load factor aggravates the total damage of rock, but its coupling effect weakens the total damage. The theoretical curve of damage model is in good agreement with the experimental curve, which can accurately describe the dynamic deformation and failure process of rock under the action of freeze-thaw cycle, and verify the reliability of the model.

(3) Considering the influence of crack inclination angle, the freeze-thaw fractured rock mass under dynamic load is equivalent to the initial damage caused by prefabricated cracks and the total damage caused by freeze-thaw-dynamic load after prefabricated cracks. The dynamic damage evolution equation and damage constitutive model of freeze-thaw crack rock mass are established with crack inclination angle, freeze-thaw cycles and strain rate as control variables. The results show that the initial crack damage, freeze-thaw damage and dynamic load damage aggravates the total damage of rock mass, but the coupling effect of any two kinds of damage weakens the total damage. The nonlinear response and macroscopic deformation failure characteristics under the coupling effect of three kinds of damage are revealed from the perspective of microscopic damage evolution. The theoretical curve of the model is in good agreement with the experimental curve, reflecting the nonlinear characteristics of the coupling and mutual influence of freeze-thaw, cracks and dynamic load on the damage expansion of rock materials.

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