在沥青中掺加胶粉不仅能够缓解废旧轮胎带来的“黑色污染”和危害，还能改善沥青路面的性能。目前，橡胶沥青的研究主要集中于宏观性能和微观机理分析，但传统宏观与微观方法均无法考虑宏观变形和微观结构的非均匀性，因此无法准确分析胶粉自身状态演变对橡胶沥青性能的影响。针对橡胶沥青相关研究在“介观”尺度研究较少的现状，本文在宏观性能研究和微观测试分析的基础上，从介观角度对胶粉状态演变进行数值模拟，揭示胶粉状态演变对橡胶沥青延度影响的介观机理，为橡胶沥青的研究提供介观视角，对关联橡胶沥青宏观与微观研究具有一定的理论参考价值。论文主要研究内容如下：

从表面形态、元素组成、化学成分和热稳定性等方面对胶粉性能进行测试分析，通过对胶粉掺量为15%，20%，25%，30%的橡胶沥青的三大指标、锥入度、流变性能以及抗老化性能等试验分析，探究了橡胶沥青宏观性能表现的原因。试验分析表明，胶粉自身形态和分布状态在沥青各项性能影响中起到关键作用，阐明了当胶粉掺量为20%~25%时，胶粉和胶粉团聚体分布更为均匀，橡胶沥青具有更好的低温力学性能。结合扫描电镜、荧光显微镜等微观测试手段，表征了胶粉在沥青中空间分布和运动演变的微观特性，探明了橡胶沥青中大量未溶解的胶粉单体和胶粉团聚体的无序分布，且胶粉在溶胀过程中产生的相互接触、挤压等现象，会导致橡胶沥青粘度变大、胶粉团聚体数量增加和不均匀分布等现象，将明显影响橡胶沥青的宏观性能。

选取Burgers模型和Yeoh模型分别描述沥青和胶粉的材料特性。利用蒙特卡洛法（Monte-Carlo Method）和Python实现了胶粉和胶粉团聚体在沥青中的随机分布。构建了胶粉-沥青数值模型，实现了胶粉单体和胶粉团聚体在沥青中的分布以及橡胶沥青测力延度试验的介观视角模拟，为揭示胶粉在沥青中的空间分布状态和状态演变的介观机理提供了理论支撑。

利用构建的模型，从二维和三维角度模拟分析了橡胶沥青测力延度试验，分析了橡胶沥青受拉过程中应力、应变、位移以及能量等参数变化，阐明了胶粉空间运动演变与沥青的作用关系。从介观角度分析了胶粉的分散状态和胶粉团聚体内部胶粉的相互作用，提出了影响橡胶沥青延度的关键因素，明确了均匀分布的胶粉和胶粉团聚体能为橡胶沥青提供更优的力学性能，但胶粉的空间分布和状态演变会影响胶粉团聚体内部胶粉的不均匀分布，进而导致橡胶沥青力学性能变差的现象。本文尝试从介观角度分析了橡胶沥青受拉过程中的受力状态以及胶粉空间分布对橡胶沥青延度的影响，直观阐释了宏观试验中橡胶沥青受拉断裂的原因，是橡胶沥青延度的宏观变化和微观分析的有效补充，也为分析橡胶沥青性能变化提供了介观理论依据。

Adding rubber powder to asphalt can not only alleviate the "black pollution" and harm caused by waste tires, but also improve the performance of asphalt pavement. At present, research on rubber asphalt mainly focuses on macroscopic performance and microscopic mechanism analysis, but traditional macroscopic and microscopic methods cannot connect the heterogeneity of macroscopic deformation and microstructure, so it is hard to accurately analyze the impact of the evolution of rubber powder's state on the performance of rubber asphalt. In response to the lack of research on rubber asphalt at the "mesoscopic" scale, this paper conducts numerical simulations of the evolution of rubber powder state from a mesoscopic perspective, based on macroscopic performance and microscopic tests. It reveals the mesoscopic mechanism of the influence of rubber powder state evolution on the ductility of rubber asphalt, providing a new perspective for the research of rubber asphalt, and has important scientific reference value for effectively linking macro and micro research. The main research content of the paper is as follows:

The performance of rubber powder was tested and analyzed from the aspects of surface morphology, element composition, chemical composition and thermal stability. Through the test and analysis of penetration, ductility, softening point, cone penetration, rheological properties and anti-aging properties of rubber asphalt with rubber powder content of 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%, the reasons for the macro performance of rubber asphalt were explored. The results showed that the morphology and distribution state of rubber powder play a crucial role in the various performance effects of asphalt. It is clarified that when the rubber powder content is 20%~25%, the distribution of rubber powder and rubber powder aggregates is more uniform, and rubber asphalt shows better low-temperature mechanical properties. By combining scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and other microscopic testing methods, the microscopic characteristics of the spatial distribution and movement evolution of rubber powder in asphalt were characterized. It was discovered that there are a large number of undissolved rubber powder monomers and aggregates in rubber asphalt, which are disorderly distributed. During the swelling process, the rubber powder will produce phenomena such as mutual contact and compression, leading to an increase in the viscosity of rubber asphalt, an increase in the number of rubber powder aggregates, and uneven distribution, which have a negative impact on the macroscopic properties of rubber asphalt.

Burgers model and Yeoh model were selected to describe the material properties of asphalt and rubber powder, respectively. The Monte Carlo Method and Python were used to achieve the random distribution of rubber powder and rubber powder aggregates in asphalt, breaking through the traditional image processing process. A numerical model of rubber powder asphalt was constructed, which achieved the distribution of rubber powder monomers and rubber powder aggregates in asphalt, as well as the expression of a mesoscopic finite element model for rubber asphalt stress ductility test. This provides theoretical support for revealing the spatial distribution state and state evolution of rubber powder in asphalt through mesoscopic mechanisms.

With the constructed model, the force ductility test of rubber asphalt was simulated and analyzed from two-dimensional and three-dimensional perspectives, the changes in parameters were analyzed such as stress, strain, displacement, and energy during the tensile process of rubber asphalt, and the relationship between the spatial movement evolution of rubber powder and the action of asphalt were constructed. From a mesoscopic perspective, the dispersion state of rubber powder and the interaction between rubber powder inside rubber powder aggregates were analyzed. The key factors affecting the ductility of rubber asphalt were proposed, and it was clarified that the spatial distribution and state evolution of rubber powder would affect the uneven distribution of rubber powder inside rubber powder aggregates, leading to stress concentration in rubber asphalt and deteriorating mechanical properties, and rubber asphalt containing uniformly distributed rubber powder and rubber powder aggregates shows better mechanical properties. This paper attempts to analyze the stress state of rubber asphalt during the tensile process and the influence of rubber powder spatial distribution on the ductility of rubber asphalt from a mesoscopic perspective for the first time. It intuitively explains the reasons for the tensile fracture of rubber asphalt in macroscopic tests, which is an effective supplement to the macroscopic and microscopic analysis of rubber asphalt ductility, and also provides a mesoscopic perspective for analyzing the performance changes of rubber asphalt.

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