抽油机节能是油田在实际生产中需要解决的主要问题，目前的主要节能措施包括星角变换调压节能、变频调速节能和间抽控制节能，其中采用间抽控制节能的方法在油田的实际生产中得到了广泛使用。但由于一般都是采用人工手动的方式启停抽油机，这种方式不但准确率低，增加了工人的劳动强度，同时也会影响石油的产量。为了防止抽油机发生“空抽”现象，节约电能、提高生产效率，本文使用无线通信技术、自动化技术和传感器技术，设计了一套智能监控系统来对抽油机进行实时远程监控。 抽油机智能监控系统由单井控制器、数据无线传输网络和上位机三部分组成。其中单井控制器主要用于对油井实施自动优化间抽控制，以LPC2138ARM 处理器作为主控芯片，通过测量电机的功率因数来判定抽油机发生“空抽”的时刻，使用“爬山法”对抽油机的启停时间进行优化，从而实现智能控制。数据无线传输网络主要用于上位机监控中心与各单井之间的信息传输，采用两级网络的形式进行组网通信，井组内近距离的数据传输使用RF905SE射频模块来实现，各井组与监控中心的远距离传输使用GPRS模块来完成。上位机使用VC++6.0制作查询油井各种参数的监控界面，并可通过在监控界面中拟合抽油机的示功图来检验实施智能间抽控制的运行效果。 系统通过在油田现场进行试验，抽油机运行状态良好，数据远程传输准确可靠，实现了节约电能、降低开采成本的目的。

Saving energy is the main problems to be solved in the actual production in oil field, the current main energy saving measures includes star-triangle transformation variable-voltage energy saving, variable frequency speed adjusting energy saving and Inter-extract control energy saving, which Inter-extract control method of energy saving in oil field is widely used in the actual production, but workers usually use manual way to start and stop pumping unit, which is not only low accuracy but also increases the labor intensity of workers and affects the production of oil. In order to prevent the occurrence of "Empty Pump", save energy and improve production efficiency. This article uses the wireless communication technology, automation technology and sensor technology to design a set of intelligent monitoring system to realize real-time remote monitoring. Intelligent monitoring system of pumping unit consists of a single controller, a wireless data transmission system and monitoring center. Single controller is mainly used for automatic optimization Inter-extract control over oil well, it take LPC2138ARM as the main control chip, determines the "Empty Pump" by the measurement of power factor of pumping unit, and then using the "Hill climbing" to optimize start-stop time of pumping unit, so as to realize the intelligent control. A wireless data transmission network is mainly used for transmission of information between monitoring center and a single controller, it takes the form of two-level network for network communication, uses RF905SE module for transfering near-distance data in the well group, at the same time, it uses GPRS module to complete long distance transmission between wells and monitoring center. Making interface of various parameters of oil well by VC++6.0. Test implementation of intelligent Inter-extract control by fitting indicator diagram of pumping unit in the monitor interface. Through an experiment of this system in oil field, pumping unit runs in good condition, remote transmission of data is accuracy and reliability, achieving the goals of saving electricity and reducing the mining cost.