秦岭是我国生态旅游资源极其丰富的地区之一，同时又是经济发展落后，居民生活困乏的地区。然而在旅游发展过程中，社区居民往往被动地承担了过多的旅游发展所带来的负面影响，但却并没有得到应有的补偿，使得本已处于贫困之中的社区居民更是“雪上加霜”。因此，对于自然保护区而言，开展旅游除注重生态保护外必须重视社区的参与，开展基于社区的生态旅游，即社区生态旅游，从而实现旅游地经济、生态、社会三大效益的平衡。 本文通过对秦岭自然保护区开发环境的分析，构建了该地区社区生态旅游的运行机制，涉及决策规划、经营管理、生态保护、利益分配和保障机制五个方面，并提出了秦岭自然保护区“政府引导+保护区管理+社区参与+企业投资+科研机构介入+国际组织支持”的发展模式；针对秦岭自然保护区特殊的山地地理环境，建立垂直功能分区模式，在此基础上，从旅游项目内容、旅游者行为和社区参与三个角度设计生态旅游产品；最后以周至县厚畛子镇老县城村为例，进行社区生态旅游开发的实证研究。 实现旅游地可持续发展的途径有多种，社区生态旅游是其中最佳方式之一。本文从社区参与的角度，对秦岭自然保护区发展社区生态旅游进行系统研究，相信会对该地区的旅游发展产生一定的借鉴意义。

Qinling natural preserves are rich in ecotourism resources, while backward in economy and poor in life. In the development of the tourism, community residents passively assumed much negative effect aroused by tourism development, but got no de-served compensates which made their life be worse off. So it should think highly of community involvement besides ecological environment, and implement community based ecotourism to pursue harmonious co-growth of ecology, economy and society. By analyzing the developing environment, this dissertation built the operating mechanisms of the community participation involved planning, management, protection, interest , safeguard and so on, and also forward the local community-based ecotourism development model “government renting+Qinling natural preserves operating+community participating+business investing+scientific institution involving+international organization supporting ”; according to particular geographical conditions of Qinling natural preserves, this dissertation also drew vertical function division diagram, and designed community-based ecotourism products from three aspects, tour itineraries content, travel behavior and community participation; finally analyzed the real diagnosis in community participation, by the example of Laoxiancheng village. For the tourist destination there are many ways to realize the sustainable development, community-based ecotourism is one of the best forms. This dissertation carried on systematic study on community-based ecotourism Issues of Qinling Natural Preserves and hoped to provide referential experience for this area.