地下空间的大面积开发利用，最引起人们关注的当属安全问题。由于地下空间的特殊性，其潜在的危险因素远远多于地面，特别是地下空间一旦发生火灾,由于避难和扑救的难度远大于地面，造成的损失也将大大高于地面。本文在对国内外火灾现状及特点进行综述的基础上，重点对地下商业建筑火灾特性进行了分析，论述了消防系统可靠性对扑救防止火灾发生的主导作用。在建立地下商业建筑的消防系统可靠性的指标体系及各子系统(部件)的权重确定方法的基础上，确定了地下商业建筑消防系统可靠性综合评价系统及模型。 在计算分析模型中将层次分析法引入到消防系统可靠性评价中，通过建立层次分析模型，较好的用理论的方法解决了消防系统每个分项的权重问题。建立了地下商业建筑消防系统可靠性综合评价系统，并重点分析研究了综合评价系统中的自动喷水灭火及火灾自动报警分系统的可靠性计算评价方法，确定了其可靠性等级。在此基础之上，本文首次尝试应用系统可靠性理论方法来评价地下商业建筑消防系统可靠性，同时将安全检查表分析的方法应用到消防系统可靠性法规评判中，用来对可靠性综合评价系统的评价结果进行比较。

During the process of large-scale exploitation and using of underground space, people pay foremost attention to safety problems. Potential hazardous factors of underground space is far more to ground because of its particularity. Especially when the fire occur, the losing of fire is far more excessive than ground space due to the difficulty of refuge and extermination. On the basis of summarizing fire actuality and characteristic of internal and overseas, the paper especially analyses the fire particularity of underground business constructions and discusses the dominant action of the reliability of the fire protection system to exterminate and prevent the occurrence of fire. On the basis of establishment of reliability of the fire protection system in underground business constructions’ index system and confirming method of each gunderling system(component)’s weights, the paper ascertains comprehensive judgement system and model of reliability of the fire protection system in underground business constructions. The paper imports Analytical Hierarchy Process to calculate and analyse the model of reliability of the fire protection system. By means of establishment of analytical hierarchy model, the paper solves the problem of each subentry’s weights of fire protection system preferably using academic method. The paper establishes comprehensive judgement system to the reliability of the fire protection system in underground business constructions, investigates and analyses the calculational evaluation method of the reliability of automatic sprinkling system and fire alarm system primarily and ascertains the reliable grade at the same time. On the basis of these work, the paper attempts to use the theory and method of reliability of the system to evaluate the reliability of the fire protection system of the underground business constructions for the first time. The paper applys the method of safety check list analysis to the reliability of the fire protection system’s rule of law judgment so as to compare to the evaluating result of the compositive evaluation system.