开展黄陵矿区深埋综放面顺槽围岩变形规律及其支护技术研究对保证该矿区综放面顺槽安全掘进和回采具有重要价值。本文以黄陵矿区某煤矿4206综放面顺槽支护工程为依托，采用理论分析、宏细观室内试验、数值模拟及现场试验相结合的方法开展研究工作。主要内容与结论是：

（1）理论分析表明，影响黄陵矿区深埋综放面顺槽围变形破坏的主要因素包括：埋深、断面形状与面积、煤岩特性、相邻已采工作面的矿压显现特性、顶板覆岩结构、本工作面矿压显现特性等。

（2）完成了辅以声发射实时监测的不同围压下不同裂隙倾角煤岩三轴压缩试验，研究了煤岩变形破坏机理。结果表明：裂隙对煤岩三轴压缩强度影响显著，裂隙煤岩比完整煤岩的塑性破坏特征更显著；裂隙煤岩在较高围压下环向变形增加显著，较高围压时裂隙煤岩相比于完整煤岩扩容程度加大；裂隙煤岩破裂模式受围压和裂隙倾角影响，呈现直剪破坏和斜剪破坏的复合破坏模式；4^-2煤层煤岩富含裂隙，裂隙是导致深埋顺槽围岩产生大变形的重要原因之一。

（3）完成了煤岩三轴压缩前后的核磁共振细观试验，得到了不同裂隙倾角煤岩三轴压缩破坏后T₂谱分布。结果表明，煤岩孔隙孔径主要分布在0.01~0.1μm，占总孔径的比例超过50%，在1~10μm范围内孔隙孔径分布较少。表明裂隙煤岩相比于完整煤岩，含有预制裂隙的煤岩大孔径的孔隙所占比例较多，说明预制裂隙过程对煤岩有一定的初始损伤。三轴压缩破坏后，小孔径孔隙所占比例有所下降，大孔径孔隙所占比例上升。随着围压的增加，破坏后试件大孔径孔隙所占比例增加。相比于裂隙煤岩，完整煤岩破坏后试件内部大孔径孔隙所占比例较小。随着裂隙倾角的增加，试件破坏后大孔径孔隙所占比例增加。

（4）基于“强支强卸”的支护理念，运用考虑裂隙作用和围岩松动圈的自然平衡拱理论完成了4206综放面顺槽支护参数设计和沿顺槽走向的顶板松动爆破卸压设计。采用离散元数值模拟方法对沿顺槽走向顶板松动爆破机理进行了研究，结果表明：沿顺槽走向顶板松动爆破后煤柱应力集中现象得到缓解，顺槽所处围岩应力环境明显改善。建议对受二次动压的顺槽，对采空侧进行卸压，对于非二次动压顺槽，在实体煤侧卸压。

（5）完成了4206综放面矿压规律监测方案设计和现场测试工作。监测结果表明，沿顺槽走向顶板松动爆破后综放面周期来压步距减小，周期来压步距从36.13m降低为19.93m，周期来压释放微震能量降低，日平均微震能量由1241850焦耳降低为820171焦耳。顺槽围岩所处应力环境得到改善，顺槽稳定性较好，顺槽支护参数合理有效。

It is of great value to carry out the research on the deformation law and support technology of the surrounding rock of the gateway in the fully mechanized top coal caving face in Huangling mining area, so as to ensure the safe construction and mining of the gateway in the fully mechanized top coal caving face. In this paper, a coal mine in Huangling 4206 fully mechanized top coal caving face gateway as the research object, using theoretical analysis, laboratory test, numerical simulation and field industrial test analysis combined method to carry out deep buried fully mechanized top coal caving face gateway rock deformation law and support technology research. The main contents and conclusions are as follows：

(1) The theoretical analysis shows that the main factors affecting the deformation and failure of the roadway surrounding of deep buried fully mechanized top coal caving face in Huangling mining area include: buried depth, cross-section area of the roadway, characteristics of coal and rock, strata behavior characteristics of adjacent working faces, roof overburden structure, dynamic load disturbance, etc.

(2) The triaxial compression test and acoustic emission real-time monitoring of coal under different confining pressures and fracture dip angles are completed, and the deformation and failure mechanism of coal and rock is studied. The results show that the fracture has a significant effect on the triaxial compression strength of coal and rock, and the fractured coal and rock enter the plastic stage earlier in the triaxial compression test, which leads to the decrease of the elastic modulus of coal and rock; The lateral deformation of fractured coal and rock increases significantly under higher confining pressure, which indicates that the capacity of expansion and deformation of fractured coal and rock is stronger than that of intact coal and rock under higher confining pressure; The fracture mode of fractured coal and rock is affected by confining pressure and fracture dip angle, which shows a composite failure mode of direct shear failure and oblique shear failure; 4-2 coal seam is weak and has good dilatancy, which is an important reason for the large deformation of the surrounding rock.

(3) The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) meso-test before and after triaxial compression of coal was completed, and the T₂ spectrum distribution of coal and rock under triaxial compression with different fracture angles was obtained. The results show that the pore size of coal rocks is mainly distributed in the range of 0.01~0.1μm, accounting for more than 50% of the total pore size, and the pore size distribution is less in the range of 1~10μm. Compared with the intact coal rock, the large pore size of the coal rock with prefabricated crack accounts for a larger proportion, which indicates that the prefabricated crack process has some initial damage to the coal rock. After the failure of triaxial compression, the proportion of small pore size decreases while that of large pore size increases. With the increase of confining pressure, the proportion of large pore size increases after failure. Compared with cracked coal rock, the proportion of large pore pores in the specimen after intact coal rock failure is smaller. With the increase of fracture inclination Angle, the proportion of large pore increases..

(4) Based on the support concept of "strong support and strong unloading", using the natural equilibrium arch theory considering the crack effect and surrounding rock loose circle, the design of support parameters of 4206 fully mechanized top coal caving face and blasting pressure relief design of roof loose along the direction of the gateway are completed. Discrete element numerical simulation method is used to study the blasting mechanism of strike loose roof. The results show that: after the blasting of strike loose roof, the stress concentration of coal pillar is relieved, and the stress environment of surrounding rock in the gateway is obviously improved.

The monitoring scheme design and field test of 4206 fully mechanized top coal caving face are completed. The results of mine pressure monitoring show that the weighting step of fully mechanized top coal caving face is reduced after the strike roof loosening blasting, the periodic weighting step is reduced from 36.13m to 19.93m, the microseismic energy released by periodic weighting is reduced, and the daily average microseismic energy is reduced from 1241850J to 820171J. The stress environment is improved, the stability is good, and the support parameters are reasonable and effective.

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