煤炭资源是我国的主要能源，煤层底板突水问题是困扰我国煤炭资源安全开采的主要因素之一，特别是随着浅部煤炭资源的日益枯竭，深部煤层和下组煤开采势在必行，所面临的底板突水问题更为突出，疏水降压及带压开采的难度更大，所以对底板隔水层受采动和水压作用的破坏规律研究更加具有理论和实际意义。 本文主要针对基础理论研究，讨论一般规律，采用力学解析和数值模拟方法研究由于开采活动及承压水作用造成底板应力场的变化、采场底板变形破坏，进而增大了采场底板突水的可能性的水平层状完整结构采煤底板岩体。 全面考虑整个采煤底板矿压特征以及承压水压力作用，建立了较为合理的承压水上采煤底板“无限梁”力学模型，根据求解的关系式 运用弹性力学理论以及摩尔库伦强度准则，得出底板的破坏范围，根据 运用改变某一参数固定其他参数的方法，研究各个参数对底板工作面下方不同深度一点处的应力状态影响特征。研究结果表明各种因素对底板的变形破坏以及应力分布均有影响，但影响程度各不相同。 运用F-RFPA2D渗流耦合程序，着重从岩石细观力学的角度，充分考虑岩石的非均匀性和破坏过程的渗流一损伤耦合作用，数值模拟主要针对水平完整底板情况进行，研究水压驱动下岩石损伤破坏全过程，从变形、应力、水流量矢量等不同角度分析采煤底板变形破坏以及突水机理，在对完整底板突水模拟中分别考虑了三个因素埋深、隔水层厚度、承压水压力对底板突水的影响，并得出三因素对底板破坏影响显著程度：隔水层厚度>承压水压力>煤层埋深。数值模拟再现了采动条件下岩体损伤破坏直至突水的动态演化过程，以直观的图像动力学方式展现了裂隙萌生、扩展乃至贯通断裂为导水通道的全过程，得到了比较符合实际的结果，为煤矿突水机理的研究提供一些基础性依据。

Coal is the main energy in China, coal seam floor water bursting problem is to perplex our country safe mining of coal resources is one of the main factors, especially with shallow coal resources are depleted, the deep coal seam and the mining of lower coal group be imperative, facing the floor water bursting problems are more prominent, hydrophobic antihypertensive and belt press mining is more difficult, so the floor aquifuge in the mining and hydraulic pressure acting on the destruction of more theoretical and practical significance. This article mainly aims at the study of basic theory, discusses the general law, research is due to mining activities and confined water pressure causing the base plate to the change of stress field, deformation and failure of stope bottom, thus increasing the stope the possibility of water inrush of coal floor rock mass structure in horizontal layered integrity. Fully consider the entire coal mining floor strata pressure behavior and confined water pressure, the establishment of a more reasonable mining over confined aquifer bottom infinite beam mechanical model, according to solving relationship using elastic mechanics theory and strength criterion of Mohr-Coulom, draw plate damage range, according to the by changing one of the parameters and other parameters fixed method study of various parameters on the floor, below the surface in different depth of the stresses of a given point state influence characteristic. The results show that all kinds of factors on the bottom of the deformation and stress distribution are affected, but the extent of the effect varied. Application of F-RFPA2D seepage coupling procedures, mainly from the angle of rock mechanics, considering the heterogeneity of rock failure process and seepage damage coupling effect, numerical simulation for horizontal complete floor situation, study of hydraulic driving of rock damage process, from the deformation, stress, water flow vector angles analysis of deformation and failure of coal floor water inrush in and, to complete the water inrush simulation considering the three factors of buried depth, thickness of water-resisting layer, confined water pressure on water inrush influence, and draw three factors on floor damage degree: aquifuge thickness > confined water pressure, the buried depth of coal seam. Numerical simulation reproduces the mining conditions of rock mass damage until the water inrush in dynamic evolution process, to intuitive image dynamic way of showing the fracture initiation, propagation and coalescence fracture as the water channel of the entire process, has been compared with the actual results, for the coal mine water inrush mechanism studies provide some basis.