彬长矿区地处陕北黄土高原与陇东黄土高原结合部，煤炭资源量达69亿吨。煤层采出后，土地、生态环境、水资源、建筑物及交通遭到严重破坏。因此，研究彬长矿区地面塌陷特征及形成机理对彬长矿区矿井安全生产、采动建筑物保护、生态环境保护、水资源保护及政府决策有重要的理论意义和实用价值。 通过对彬长矿区地面塌陷的详细调查，认为彬长矿区地面塌陷（非连续变形）的类型主要有塌陷盆地、裂缝、塌陷槽、黄土崩塌与窑洞坍塌。并总结出彬长矿区地面塌陷（非连续变形）的影响因素为开采深度及基岩厚度、工作面宽度与采厚、覆岩岩性结构与关键层厚度、地形地貌等。 应用《建筑物、水体、铁路及主要井巷煤柱留设与压煤开采规程》中的公式、《矿井水文地质工程地质勘探规范》中的公式、数值模拟、相似材料模拟、经验数据与实测数据对彬长矿区“两带”发育高度进行综合分析。得出《规程》中公式所得裂采比比实测值偏小很多，《规范》中公式所得裂采比则比实测值偏大；数值模拟、相似材料模拟、经验所得裂采比与实测值极为接近，裂采比在11.5～13.4之间。综合分析认为用裂采比13.3来预计彬长矿区“两带”发育高度是可行的。并以此为基础进行彬长矿区水害预测，可得彬长矿区中部及西北部为水害严重区。 根据数值模拟、相似材料模拟及野外调查分析，总结出彬长矿区地面发生非连续性变形的覆岩破坏模式，即煤层开采后自下而上依次形成冒落带、裂隙带、离层带及弯曲下沉带、关键层局部拉破坏区、松散层破坏区，离层带与裂隙带之间存在很大的自由空间，关键层局部拉裂破坏只是岩体强度的弱化。在此基础上建立了彬长矿区地面塌陷（非连续变形）预测的数学模型。

Binchang mining area lies in the joint-part between theandeloess plateau in north shaanxi province and loess plateau in east gansu, and the coal resources reached to 6.9 billion ton. After excavating the coal seam from underground, land resources, ecological environment, water resources, building, and transportation would be destroyed seriously. So study the characteristics and forming mechanism is important to the protection of mine, ecological environment, buildings, land resources and Government's Policy-Making in Binchang mining area. Based on the survey and analyse of the land collapse (discontinuous deformation), there are 4 land collapse (discontinuous deformation) types that are collapse basin, crack, collapse slot, and loess landfalls cave dwelling collapse are summarized. The paper conclude that main factors influenced the land collapse (discontinuous deformation) are the mining depth and the thickness of bedrock, the width of working face and the mining height, overlying rock and the thickness of key strata(the sandstone in luohe formation) and topography et al. This paper using formulas from the regulations (Regulations for setting coal pillar and mining under buildings, water bodies, railways and main roadways) and norms (National Exploration norms for hydrogeology and engineering geology of coal mine), empirical data, numerical simulation, similar material simulation, and the measured data to analyze the development law for "two zones" of overburden rock in Binchang mining area. Comparing the corresponding ratio of the fractured zone height to the mining height based on the development height for "two zones" of overburden rock, the results show the ratio calculated by formula of regulations is much less than the measured value when little larger by formula of norms; the data obtained by numerical simulation, similar material simulation and experience are very close to the measured value, the ratio of the fractured zone height to the mining height range from 11.5 to 13.4. After comprehensive analyzing, it is feasible to predict the development height for "two zones" of overburden rock in Binchang mining area using the ratio 13.3. At last, based on the analysis above, water-disaster prediction figure in Binchang mining area is made and the area in the middle and northwest of Binchang mining area have a serious water disaster. Through numerical simulation, similar material simulation and field survey and analysis, we summarize the model of overlying strata failure with the land collapse (discontinuous deformation) developed in Binchang mining area, which is cavied zone, fractured zone, continuous deformation zone, the local tensile failure areas of the key strata, and the failure of the loose strata. There are large free space between continuous deformation zone and fractured zone. The local tensile failure area of the key strata is only the weakening of rockmass strength. Based on the analysis above, mathematical model of land collapse (discontinuous deformation) prediction is set up.