煤 矿企业的生产事故中有80%是由人的不安全行为引起的。预防和控制煤矿中人的不安全行为是减少人员伤亡和经济财产损失、保障安全生产顺利进行的关键环节。因此，本文运用脑电测量实验，结合神经管理学和安全管理学理论与方法，对疲劳状态下矿工的不安全行为进行实验研究。 　　　首先，综述分析了矿工不安全行为的形成机理、事件相关电位及疲劳的相关理论，在分析疲劳对矿工不安全行为的影响的基础上，确定将注意力作为疲劳的测量指标、事件相关电位实验作为测量脑电信号的实验工具，为下文的实验研究奠定了理论基础。 其次，设计脑电信号实验，对被试者疲劳前后注意力的脑电信号指标进行测量。当被试者疲劳时，注意能力有所下降，ERP实验中的朝向反应实验可以反映出这种变化。实验分别对被试者在疲劳前后脑电信号P3a成分进行测量，结果表明疲劳前后P3a成分的波幅、潜伏期都有不同程度的变化。通过实验可以得出疲劳时矿工注意能力下降，引发不安全行为的可能性较大。 最后，综合分析实验数据，运用心理学、安全行为学、安全管理学等理论和研究方法得出基于疲劳的矿工不安全行为模式，提出预防、控制矿工不安全行为的措施，为煤矿企业预防和控制矿工不安全行为，减少事故的发生提供可供参考的依据。

In the coal mining enterprises,80% of the coal mine’s production accidents are caused by unsafe behavior. Thereby,the key link of decreasing casualties and economic property damage and ensuring the safety production is prevent and control the miners’ unsafe behavior.In this paper, the EEG experiment, as well as the euromanagement theory and method of behavior and safety management were applied to the miners’ unsafe behavior research. 　　　At first,this paper analyzed unsafe behavior’s formation mechanism,event-related potentials and fatigue theory.Through analyzed the influence of fatigue on miners' unsafe behavior,the paper used attention as the event related potential measurement index, fatigue as the experimental tool for measurement of EEG signals,which established a theoretical basis for miners’ unsafe behavior research. 　　　And then,the research conducted an EEG experiment to measure of the attention EEG indicators before and after the miners’ fatigue.When the miner was tied, attention ability would decline, response experiment of ERP could reflect the changes. In the experiment study of the P3a EEG signals before and after the miners’fatigue,the results showed the changes of P3a component in the respect of amplitude and incubation period.The experiment showed that fatigue could decrease the ability of paying attention, then leading to unsafe behavior with a greater possibility. 　　　Finally,the paper based on the measurement results of the EEG experiment,combine with the euromanagement,safety behavior,safety management and other theories and methods,established the miner's unsafe behavior mode based on the fatigue,made measures to prevent and control miners’ unsafe behavior.And the measures provided a reference for coal mine enterprise to prevent and control miners’ unsafe behavior so as to reduce the accidents.