空气弹簧是一种优良的隔振元件，已经广泛应用于汽车等机械设备。但其在船舶设备中的应用较为少见。 本文对一种拟用于船舶上的空气弹簧隔振系统实验模型进行了研究。首先，对某回转型空气弹簧的静、动态特性进行了理论分析和实验研究，得到了空气弹簧的工作气压、承载力、垂向刚度之间关系的计算公式；其次，引入设备基础导纳的有限元分析方法，对空气弹簧隔振系统基础的垂向导纳进行有限元求解，得到了基础的垂向机械导纳矩阵；然后，应用所得到的空气弹簧理论刚度模型和基础导纳矩阵建立了空气弹簧隔振系统主机输出轴端振幅模型和隔振效果模型，并分析了空气弹簧载荷分配对主机输出轴端振幅和隔振效果的影响；最后，以输出轴位置振动幅值最小，隔振效果最好以及各空气弹簧载荷的方差最小为优化目标，对系统进行多目标优化；得到一种载荷分配优化方案。

Air spring is a kind of excellent vibration isolation component which is widely applied in the machinery fields such as motorcar. However, its application in shipping is not so commonly. In this thesis, the experimental model of an air spring vibration isolation system used on shipboard is studied. At first, theoretic and experimental researches of static and dynamic characteristic of an air spring are conducted, the theoretic model of air spring’s air spring is obtained, then the relations between pressure, load and stiffness are gained. Secondly, the FEA of foundation mobility is conducted, then the FEA is applied to calculating the vertical mobility of the foundation of the air spring vibration isolation system, and vertical mechanical mobility matrix of the foundation is obtained. Thirdly, the models of machine’s amplitude and performance of vibration isolation are studied by means of the model of air spring’s stiffness and mobility matrix of the foundation, the influence of air springs’ load distribution to machine’s amplitude and performance of vibration isolation is analyzed. Lastly, the optimization of system which aimed at the minimal machine’s amplitude, the best performance of vibration isolation and the minimal variance of air springs’ load is done.