<p>我国煤层大多具有高瓦斯含量、低渗透率等特点，回采工作面更易发生瓦斯灾害事故，针对我国煤矿的特殊地质及瓦斯赋存条件，煤层预抽效果不佳，高突矿井进行卸压瓦斯抽采势在必行。本文以山西和顺某高突矿井为实验原型，采用物理相似模拟、数值模拟等手段，确定高抽巷与定向长钻孔协同抽采最优布置层位及最佳抽采参数，并对模拟结果进行现场应用。</p> <p>论文通过物理相似模拟实验，获得上覆岩层平均来压步距17.4m，冒落带高度22.4m，裂隙带高度61.9m，确定了高抽巷与定向长钻孔合理布置层位范围。结合物理相似模拟实验结果及现场情况，建立Fluent数值模型，模拟结果表明高抽巷及定向长钻孔的最优布置及抽采参数为：高抽巷平距25m，垂距30m，抽采负压3 kPa；定向长钻孔平距10~20m，垂距11~21m，抽采负压为16 kPa。</p> <p>单一抽采模式下，工作面瓦斯浓度曲线存在工作面煤壁及采空区涌出瓦斯与新鲜风流稀释瓦斯能力微平衡段。协同抽采模式下，随钻孔负压增大，上隅角处压力差增大，间接降低下隅角区域漏风强度，工作面瓦斯浓度变化曲线整体呈现单调递增趋势。定向长钻孔抽采负压增大，采空区回风侧快速提升区所占跨度明显增大。</p> <p>根据物理模拟实验及数值模拟结果，优化理论及实验结果布置抽采系统，并对抽采过程开展实时观测，监测结果表明：在工作面回采期间，高抽巷抽采纯量为28.88 m³/min~80.39 m³/min，平均抽采纯量64.8 m³/min；定向长钻孔抽采纯量为2.79 m³/min ~23.59 m³/min，平均抽采纯量9.7 m³/min。且工作面、上隅角、回风巷瓦斯浓度均保持在0.8%以内，实现工作面的安全生产。</p> <p>本文通过物理相似模拟、数值模拟等方法，确定合理布置参数与抽采参数，并对实验结果进行现场验证，建立立体抽采方法，分析瓦斯抽采效果，以验证论文研究结果合理性，为同类高突矿井瓦斯治理工作提供参考，对井下瓦斯灾害防治具有一定借鉴意义。</p>

<p>Most of China&#39;s coal seams have the characteristics of high gas content and low permeability, and the mining face is more prone to gas disaster accidents. According to the special geological and gas storage conditions of China&#39;s coal mines, the pre drainage effect of coal seams is poor, so it is imperative to carry out pressure relief gas drainage in high outburst mines. Taking a high outburst mine in Heshun, Shanxi Province as the experimental prototype, using physical similarity simulation and numerical simulation, this paper determines the optimal layout horizon and optimal extraction parameters of collaborative extraction of high extraction roadway and directional long drilling, and applies the simulation results in the field.</p> <p>Through the physical similarity simulation experiment, the average pressure step distance of the overlying strata is 17.4m, the height of the caving zone is 22.4m, and the height of the fracture zone is 61.9m. The reasonable layout range of high pumping roadway and directional long drilling is determined. Combined with the results of physical similarity simulation experiment and field conditions, the Fluent numerical model is established. The simulation results show that the optimal layout and extraction parameters of high extraction roadway and directional long drilling are as follows: the horizontal distance of high extraction roadway is 25m, the vertical distance is 30m, and the extraction negative pressure is 3 kPa; The horizontal distance of directional long borehole is 10 ~ 20m, the vertical distance is 11 ~ 21m, and the negative pressure of pumping is 16 kPa.</p> <p>In the single extraction mode, the gas concentration curve of the working face has a micro-balance section of gas gushing and fresh air dilution gas capacity in the coal wall and goaf of the working face. Under the collaborative extraction mode, with the increase of borehole negative pressure, the pressure difference at the upper corner increases, which indirectly reduces the air leakage intensity in the lower corner area, and the change curve of gas concentration in the working face shows a monotonous increasing trend as a whole. The negative pressure of directional long drilling increases, and the span of the rapid lifting area on the return air side of the goaf increases significantly.</p> <p>According to the physical simulation experiment and numerical simulation results, optimize the theory and experimental results, arrange the extraction system, and carry out real-time observation of the extraction process. The monitoring results show that during the mining period of the working face, the net extraction volume of the high extraction roadway is 28.88 m³/min ~ 80.39 m³/min, and the average net extraction volume is 64.8 m³/min; The net extraction volume of directional long borehole is 2.79 m³/min ~ 23.59 m³/min, and the average net extraction volume is 9.7 m³/min. And the gas concentration in the working face, upper corner and return air roadway is kept within 0.8%, so as to realize the safe production of the working face.</p> <p>In this paper, through physical similarity simulation experiment, numerical simulation and other methods, the reasonable layout parameters and drainage parameters are determined, and the experimental results are verified on the spot, the three-dimensional drainage method is established, and the gas drainage effect is analyzed, so as to verify the rationality of the research results of this paper, provide a reference for the gas control of similar high outburst mines, and have a certain reference significance for the prevention and control of underground gas disasters.</p>

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