能源是国家经济的命脉,富煤、贫油、少气的资源特点使得煤炭在我国一次能源生产和消费比例中长期占70%以上。随着我国国民经济的持续高速增长，煤炭需求不断增加，从而迎来了从本世纪初至今的矿井建设高潮。由于地层浅部的煤炭资源已趋枯竭，开始建设大量深井，冻结深度由浅变深，冻结工艺由单一型向复合型过渡，矿井发生解冻水害的可能性相应增大。 传统封堵方法很难彻底封堵冻结孔的垂向导水通道，极易造成井下构筑物破坏，将长期威胁冻结法施工矿井安全。本文以陕西彬长矿业集团胡家河矿井全深冻结井筒为研究对象，对井筒基岩冻结法施工解冻水害的形成机理和防治方法进行了研究和总结。 首先，通过钻孔试验、渗流模拟实验和理论分析发现：矿井井筒冻结施工完成，冻结壁解冻后，冻结孔与冻结管之间形成的环状空间便成了水力联系导水通道，将立井从地面到井底所有的含水层连成一体，原来的隔水层失去隔水作用。由于冻结孔环状空间的垂向导水作用，接近地表、易受地表水补给的含水层成为矿井水害主要水源，原本补给条件很差的煤系地层含水层得到一个较为充分的补给，增加了水害影响程度。 其次，提出了通过在有利地层施工环形措施巷，并结合插管引流注浆，在有利地层形成一个环状混凝土隔水体，截断冻结孔环状垂向导水通道，以彻底根治井筒水害的施工方法，对其相关工艺技术进行了深入研究。 最后，结合胡家河矿井地质条件特征，应用上述研究结果，开挖环形措施巷，封堵冻结孔环状导水通道，有效解决了矿井基岩冻结法施工解冻后水害治理问题。

Energy is the lifeblood of the national economy. The characteristic of resources in our country is rich in coal，instead, poor in oil and gas. So the coal is more than 70% of the proportion of primary energy production and consumption The coal demand continues to increase along with our country national economy sustained growth, thus ushered in the climax of the mine construction since the beginning of this century. The thaw water disasters caused by the shaft excavated on freezing method are highlighted increasingly as the increasing of frozen depth in freezing sinking. this paper analyze the mechanism and prevention and control technology of thaw water disaster caused by the shaft excavated on freezing method taking the geological conditions of Hujiahe mine shaft as example, summarize the existing control technology and introduce the new method of Hujiahe mine shaft. First, through drilling test, seepage simulation experiment and theory analysis found: mine shaft freezing construction is completed, after the freezing wall thaws, the annular space formed between the freezing hole and freezing pipe became the hydraulic passage from the ground to the bottom of the shaft, original aquiclude lose water barrier function.Because the annular spaces transmIt water vertically, the aquifer that close to the surface and vulnerable to surface water recharge has become main source of mine water disaster, the coal measure strata conditions are very poor aquifer to obtain a more adequate supply, increase the influence degree of flood. Secondly, through the construction of ring auxiliary roadway in the stable stratum used intubation drainage grouting to form a circular concrete confining bed to occlude the fissure water thoroughly. Finally, combined with the characteristics of Hujiahe mine geological conditions, apply of the research results, excavate the ring auxiliary roadway, plug the annular hydraulic passage, and solve the problem of thaw water disaster on base rock of freezing method effectively.