临潼区位于陕西省西安市，是西安市的重要经济发展区域之一。频繁发生的暴雨洪涝灾害对临潼区的生产生活和经济发展造成了巨大的影响，阻碍了临潼区的快速发展。因此，开展临潼区暴雨洪涝灾害风险评估具有重要意义。利用DEM、地形地貌、社会经济和气象等数据，经过对风险评估指标进行辨识，采用相关分析、逐步回归、模糊层次分析法、CRITIC法、组合赋权法、模糊综合评价法、自然灾害理论等方法，在指标筛选、指标赋权、评估方法等方面，通过不同方法组合，组建多个的风险评估模型。对评估模型结果进行合理性分析和可靠性检验后，确定出临潼区暴雨洪涝灾害风险评估的最优模型，获得临潼区暴雨洪涝灾害风险评估结果。同时，根据临潼区水库、湖泊、陂塘和堤坝的现状，提出相应的防治措施建议。主要取得以下成果：

（1）建立了基础指标体系、相关分析指标体系、逐步回归指标体系三种指标体系，分别计算得到模糊层次分析法、CRITIC法和组合赋权法三种方法下的指标权重，使用模糊综合评价法和自然灾害理论两种方法组建了18种风险评估模型。

（2）确定出临潼区暴雨洪涝灾害的最优模型，最优模型组合基于相关分析指标体系，采用模糊层次分析法进行指标赋权，利用模糊综合评价评估暴雨洪涝灾害风险等级。

（3）获得临潼区暴雨洪涝灾害风险分区：低风险区占临潼区总面积的18.88%，主要分布在南部山区；较低风险区占全区总面积的26.14%；中风险区占全区总面积的17.7%；较高风险区占全区总面积的29.91%，主要分布在何寨、新丰和交口等街道办；高风险区占全区总面积的7.36%，主要分布在斜口、零口和相桥等街道办。

（4）临潼区暴雨洪涝灾害的防治措施建议为：建议对铁炉街道办的水库、湖泊和陂塘定期进行巡查，对骊山街道办和秦陵街道办的堤坝运用防渗加固技术；加固加高DB01~DB023段河堤，提高防洪标准。对高风险区的防洪防涝工程进行详细调查，更新维护防治工程；进一步加强较高风险区的防灾减灾救灾宣传教育，提升市民防灾减灾意识和自救互救技能；加强高风险和较高风险区防洪设施、设备和防洪人员储备，降低灾害带来的损失。

Lintong District is located in Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, and is one of the important economic development areas of Xi'an. Frequent rainstorm flood disasters have caused great impact on the production and life and economic development of Lintong District, and hindered the rapid development of Lintong District. Therefore, it is important to carry out the risk assessment of rainstorm flood disasters in Lintong District. Using the data of DEM, topography and geomorphology, socio-economics and meteorology, after identifying the risk assessment indexes, multiple risk assessment models are formed by combining different methods such as correlation analysis, stepwise regression, fuzzy hierarchical analysis, CRITIC method, combined assignment method, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and natural disaster theory, in terms of index screening, index assignment and assessment methods. After analyzing the results of the assessment models for reasonableness and reliability, the optimal model for the risk assessment of rainstorm flood disasters in Lintong District was determined, and the risk assessment results of rainstorm flood disasters in Lintong District were obtained. Meanwhile, according to the current situation of reservoirs, lakes, ponds and dykes in Lintong District, corresponding prevention and control measures are proposed. The main achievements are as follows:

(1) The three indicator systems of basic index system, correlation analysis index system and stepwise regression index system were established, the index weights under the three methods of fuzzy hierarchical analysis method, CRITIC method and combined assignment method were calculated respectively, and 18 risk assessment models were formed using two methods of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and natural disaster theory.

(2) Determine the optimal model for rainstorm flood disasters in Lintong District. The optimal model combination is based on the relevant analysis index system, and the fuzzy hierarchical analysis method is used to assign the index weights, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to assess the risk level of rainstorm flood disasters.

(3) To obtain the risk zoning of rainstorm flood disasters in Lintong District: low risk zone accounts for 18.88% of the total area of Lintong District, mainly distributed in the southern mountainous area; lower risk zone accounts for 26.14% of the total area of the district; medium risk zone accounts for 17.7% of the total area of the district; higher risk zone accounts for 29.91% of the total area of the district, mainly distributed in Hezhai, Xinfeng and Jiaokou street offices; high risk zone accounts for The high-risk area accounts for 7.36% of the total area of the district, mainly distributed in the street offices of Xiekou, Zero and Xiangqiao.

(4) The prevention and control measures for rainstorm flood disasters in Lintong District are as follows: it is recommended to conduct regular inspections of reservoirs, lakes and ponds in Tielu Street Office, and to apply seepage prevention and reinforcement technology to the dikes in Lishan Street Office and Qinling Street Office; to reinforce and raise the river dikes in DB01~DB023 section to improve the flood prevention standard. Conduct a detailed survey of flood control and prevention projects in high-risk areas and update and maintain prevention and control projects; further strengthen disaster prevention, mitigation and relief education in higher-risk areas to enhance citizens' awareness of disaster prevention and mitigation and self-help and mutual rescue skills; strengthen flood control facilities, equipment and flood control personnel reserves in high-risk and higher-risk areas to reduce the losses caused by disasters.

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