本质安全型矿井建设是现今煤矿发展的必然趋势，各式各样的大型机械设备在井下应用，提升了矿井的安全治理水平，使灾害事故逐年减少，但作为五大灾害之一的粉尘却一直未得到有效控制，长期以来对煤矿的安全生产造成巨大威胁。针对综掘面粉尘浓度高，对矿工影响大这一现状，本文通过文献调研、理论分析及数值模拟等多种手段，设计了全断面风幕降尘技术，并对其进行了验证和优化，以期改善综掘面作业环境。

本文以延长石油巴拉素煤业1 #回风大巷综掘工作面为研究对象，通过研究粉尘颗粒物理性质及受力情况，推导出粉尘运动模型，分析模型参数，得出降低综掘面粉尘浓度的两大关键因素，即控制掘进巷道风流场扰动范围和降低粉尘颗粒运动时间。结合风幕控尘原理，在原有方案的基础上，通过在综掘机两侧也增加风幕射流装置，同时对支撑构件进行改造，设计全断面风幕降尘技术。通过数值模拟从不同角度（竖向、水平和整体）对比分析长压短抽通风除尘、单一风幕除尘和全断面风幕降尘技术除尘效果，确定全断面风幕降尘技术的可行性和高效性；采用正交试验法设计16组不同因素水平的组合进行全面模拟，采用极差分析法对模拟数据进行处理，探究全断面风幕降尘技术最佳优化方案，并对最佳方案进行验证，保证其最佳效果。

仿真结果表明：（1）通过对比三种降尘方法效果可知：全断面风幕降尘技术较长压短抽通风除尘和单一风幕除尘对风流场扰动较小，能够更高效地将粉尘封闭在风幕控制区域，司机位置粉尘浓度明显降低，巷道内大部分区域粉尘浓度控制在300 mg/m³以下，初步验证了采用全断面风幕降尘技术对提高降尘效率是有效的，两侧加装的风幕发挥了控尘作用。（2）通过正交试验确定全断面风幕降尘技术最佳优化方案为：正压风筒出风口距迎头17 m、负压风筒直径为1 m、风幕射流速度为19 m/s、风幕位置距迎头4 m、压抽风筒风量压抽比为1:1.3；与优化前方案进行对比分析可得：粉尘浓度平均值由342.69 mg/m³下降至117.02 mg/m³，最大值由736.41 mg/m³下降至294.69 mg/m³，较优化前降尘效率平均提升68.17%。表明优化设置合理，结果可靠。

The intrinsically safe mine is the inevitable trend of coal mine development, all kinds of Large machinery in the underground application, improve the level of mine safety management, so that disaster accidents are reduced year by year, but as one of the five major disasters, dust has not been effectively controlled, for a long time to the safety of coal mine production posed a huge threat. In view of the current situation of high dust concentration on the excavation face and great influence on miners, this paper designed the dust control technology of the full section air curtain through various means such as literature research, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and verified and optimized it in order to improve the working environment of the excavation face.

In this paper, the dust movement model is derived by studying the physical properties and stress of dust particles, and the parameters of the model are analyzed. The two key factors to reduce the dust concentration in the comprehensive excavation face are to control the disturbance range of the air flow field in the tunneling roadway and to reduce the movement time of dust particles. Combined with the principle of air curtain dust control, on the basis of the original scheme, by adding air curtain jet device on both sides of the excavator and reforming the supporting components, the dust control technology of full section air curtain is designed. Through numerical simulation, the dust removal effects of long pressure and short suction ventilation, single air curtain dust removal and full section air curtain dust control technology were compared and analyzed from different angles (vertical, horizontal and whole), and the feasibility and high efficiency of full section air curtain dust control technology were determined. The orthogonal test method was used to design 16 groups of different factor levels for comprehensive simulation, and the range analysis method was used to process the simulation data, explore the best optimization scheme of the dust control technology of the full section air curtain, and verify the best scheme to ensure the best effect.

The simulation results show that: (1) By comparing the effect of the three dust removal methods, we can see: Full section air curtain dust control technology with long pressure and short suction ventilation dust removal and single air curtain dust removal have less disturbance to air flow field, and can more efficiently seal dust in the air curtain control area, and the dust concentration at the driver's position is significantly reduced, and the dust concentration in most areas of the roadway is controlled below 300 mg/m³. It is preliminarily verified that the dust control technology of full section air curtain is effective to improve the dust removal efficiency, and the air curtain installed on both sides plays a role in dust control. (2) Through the orthogonal test, the optimal scheme of the air curtain dust control technology for the whole section is determined as follows: the positive pressure duct outlet is 17 m away from the head, the negative pressure duct diameter is 1 m, the air curtain jet velocity is 19 m/s, the air curtain position is 4 m away from the head, and the air volume pressure pumping ratio of the pressure extraction duct is 1:1.3; Compared with the pre-optimization scheme, the average dust concentration decreased from 342.69mg /m³ to 117.02mg /m³, and the maximum dust concentration decreased from 736.41mg /m³ to 294.69mg /m³, with an average increase of 68.17% compared with the pre-optimization dust control efficiency. The results show that the optimal setting is reasonable and the results are reliable.