本文依托西安市地铁四号线五路口站和和平门站工程，运用现有理论和有限元模拟，并通过现场监测对半铺盖法修建地铁车站中的工法问题、变形、铺盖体系稳定性三个关键问题进行相关研究： （1）分析明挖法，盖挖法，暗挖法修建车站的优缺点以及适应的条件，针对这些施工的特点提出半铺盖半明挖修建车站的方法-半铺盖法。此方法工程造价低、施工速度介于明挖和全盖挖法之间，机械化程度高，最主要是可以不阻断交通，占用道路面积小，满足交通和周边环境的要求。 （2）依托工程实例对基坑开挖过程中围护结构变形、坑底隆起、基坑周边沉降在基坑开挖的过程中变形模式、变形大小进行研究。得到围护桩桩身变形成抛物线形式，桩顶最大水平位移为5.2mm，桩身最大水平位移13.3mm。坑底隆起中间大两边小，最大隆起为83mm。地表沉降成抛物线分布，基坑东侧地表沉降在离坑壁3m处沉降最大，最大沉降值为13.3 mm。基坑西侧地表沉降最大，最大沉降为8mm。 （3）研究影响基坑变形的因素，对空间效应和地下水位的变化对基坑变形的影响进行相应的研究。可知空间效应对基坑的变形影响较大，水平分块数和竖向分块数的增加能够有效的控制基坑的变形。竖向分块的增加比水平方向分块的增加更能有效控制基坑的变形。另外坑内地下水位和坑外地下水位的变化都会对基坑的变形有较大的影响，应随时关注坑外地下水位的变化对基坑变形的影响。 （4）通过对半铺盖系统进行有限元模拟和现场监测研究，得到半铺盖系统的变形和稳定状态，铺盖系统的变形较小，设计不经济，利用有限元对铺盖系统设计参数进行优化分析，得到和平门站桩径设计为1.0m、桩间距设置为7.5m、中间桩嵌固深度为23m、军用梁间距设置为2.8m最为合理。此后的车站建设可通过有限元进行优化设计。

This paper, relying on Wu lu kou station and He ping men station of Xi'an Metro Line project, study three key problems of the methods of construction ,deformation and cladding system stability in construction of the subway station: (1)Analyzing the advantages ,disadvantages and the adaptation of the conditions open-cut method,cover - digging, and under excavation method building station .For these construction features of half open-cut method of construction of the station and half blanket half raised - half blanket method. This method is low cost and between open-cut and full-cut cover construction method speeds ranging, high degree of mechanization, the most important is the method doesn’t block traffic, occupying a small area of the road, meeting the requirements of traffic and the surrounding environment. (2)Semi Linen law during excavation retaining structure deformation, upheaval in the bottom, in the course of settlement around foundation excavation deformation mode, deform ation size. Retaining Pile Top obtain the maximum horizontal displacement of 5.2mm, the maximum horizontal displacement of the pile 13.3mm, Bottom maximum uplift 83mm, the eastern side of the surface excavation pit wall 3m away from the settlement in the settling of the largest maximum settlement value of 13.3 mm. Foundation west of maximum surface subsidence, the largest settlement of 8mm. （3）Effects of Foundation deformation factors, the effects of changes in space and ground water level corresponding research Foundation Deformation of. Space apparent effect on the deformation of the Foundation greater impact, increasing the level of the block number and the number of vertical block can effectively control the deformation of the pit. Foundation increased more effective control of vertical deformation increases than the horizontal direction chunked. Further pit pit outside the groundwater level and groundwater level changes will have a greater influence on the deformation of the pit, at any time concerned about the impact of changes in groundwater level outside the pit to pit deformation. （4）Through the half-blanket system and finite element simulation study site monitoring system is biased to give a semi blanket security state, deformation blanket system is small, uneconomical design, using the finite element system of blanket intermediate pile design parameters optimization analysis , designed to get the pile diameter 1.0m, pile spacing is set to 7.5m, intermediate pile embedded depth of 23m, military beam spacing is set to 2.8m most reasonable.