含冰粒胶结充填料浆（ICPB）是一种兼具传统胶结充填料浆（CPB）的优点和采空区降温功能的新型充填材料。含冰粒胶结充填材料的流动特性是影响其工作性能、充填体长期强度的关键因素。因此本研究主要结合试验与数值计算方法，对含冰粒胶结充填料浆的流变特性以及管输流动特性进行了研究。运用基于相似理论的水槽实验平台以及核磁共振等技术对ICPB在采空区的流动沉降与分层规律等含冰粒胶结充填关键技术展开研究，并引入一种适用矿山充填输送管道的电阻层析成像（ERT）可视化检测方法。得出的主要结论如下：

（1）新拌ICPB表现出非牛顿流体的行为，剪切速率和剪切应力的关系符合宾汉模型。屈服应力、塑性粘度和触变性随冰水比（I/WR）的增大而增大，而坍落度随I/WR和浓度的增加而减小。圆柱坍落度的模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好。此外，数值模拟研究表明，当试验温度从11.85℃提高到31.85℃时，ICPB的坍落度增大，研究结果可为ICPB管输设计提供参考。

（2）基于CFD方法对不同I/WR和不同冰颗粒粒径的ICPB在管道输送过程中的流动特性进行研究。结果表明，由于粗尾砂的沉积和细尾砂的悬浮，在管道运输过程中形成了三个区域。ICPB在管道中的流速沿管道截面呈拱形分布，管道中部的速度最高，靠近管壁的速度最低。另外I/WR和冰颗粒粒径对ICPB管道输送特性有重要影响。所得结果对矿山充填行业管网系统设计具有指导意义。

（3）不同I/WR和浓度下的含冰粒充填料浆电导率随着养护时间的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势。根据几何相似原理搭建4组实测模型模拟充填管道的4种不同程度堵塞情况，运用16电极ERT实验平台进行边界电压测量并采用一步线性高斯-牛顿算法重建图像。实验结果表明重建图像可以准确的反映结块程度和位置。本研究为电阻层析成像技术在充填管道液-固两相流的可视化检测中的应用奠定了基础，可大大减低管道堵塞检测成本，避免盲目开挖。

（4）采用核磁共振（NMR）和扫描电镜（SEM）技术对在相似采场中的ICPB试样的孔隙结构特征进行了表征，研究了沿垂直方向和流动方向ICPB在相似采场中的强度分布规律以及含冰粒充填体流动沉降几何结构。结果表明：含冰粒充填体在采场中的强度分布以及微观孔结构分布并不均匀，其强度和孔结构与实验室试件相比存在明显差别，运用核磁共振所测得微观结构参数，从微观角度解释了含冰粒充填体沉降后强度不均匀性的原因。为含冰粒充填体在采场中的强度分布不均提供理论基础。

研究为矿山含冰粒充填料浆配比优化、充填管网系统设计、管道可视化监测等提供指导，为提高含冰粒充填料浆管道输送以及采空区稳定性等生产安全问题奠定理论基础。

Ice-containing cemented paste backfill (ICPB) is a new backfill material with the advantages of traditional cemented paste backfill (CPB) and the cooling function of goaf. The flow characteristics of ICPB materials are the key factors affecting the working performance and long-term strength of the backfill body. In this study, the rheological properties and the flow characteristics of pipe transportation of the ICPB slurry are studied by combining the experimental and numerical methods. The key technologies of ICPB, such as the flow settlement and stratification rules of ICPB in the stop are studied by using the flume experimental platform based on the similar theory and the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology. And a visual monitoring method of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is introduced, which is suitable for mine backfill pipeline transportation. The main conclusions are as follows:

(1) The results indicate that the ICPB behaved as a Binghanm fluid. The yield stress, plastic viscosity, and thixotropy increased with an increase in the ice/water ratio (I/WR) and concentration, while the cylindrical slump decreased under the same variation. The simulation results of the cylindrical slump were compatible with the experimental results. Furthermore, the numerical study indicates the slump increased when the test temperature was increased from 11.85℃ to 31.85℃. The results found in this study can be used as a reference for the pipe design of ICPB.

(2) Based on CFD method, the flow characteristics of different I/WR and different ice particle size in pipeline transportation were studied. The results show that due to the deposition of coarse tailings and the suspension of fine tailings, three areas are formed in the process of pipeline transportation. The velocity of ICPB in the pipeline is arched along the pipeline section, with the highest velocity in the middle of the pipeline and the lowest velocity near the pipe wall. In addition, the I/WR and ice particle size have an important influence on the transport characteristics of ICPB pipeline. The results are of guiding significance to the design of pipe network system in mine backfill industry.

(3) With the increase of curing time, the electrical conductivity of ICPB with different I/WR and concentration increased first and then decreased. According to the principle of geometric similarity, four groups of measured models were built to simulate four different degrees of blockage of filling pipeline. The boundary voltage was measured by 16 electrode ERT experimental platform and the image was reconstructed by one step linear Gauss-Newton algorithm. The experimental results show that the reconstructed image can accurately reflect the degree and position of agglomeration. The research lays a foundation for the application of electrical resistance tomography technology in the visual detection of liquid-solid two-phase flow in filling pipeline, which can greatly reduce the cost of pipeline blockage detection and avoid blind excavation.

(4) The pore structure characteristics of ICPB samples in similar stopes were characterized by NMR and SEM. The strength distribution of ICPB in similar stopes along the vertical and flow directions and the flow settlement geometry of the ICPB were studied. The results show that the strength distribution and the micro pore structure distribution of the ICPB in the stope are not uniform. And the strength and pore structure of the ICPB are different from those of the laboratory specimens. The reason of the strength inhomogeneity after the settlement of the ICPB is explained from the microscopic point of view by using the microstructure parameters measured by NMR. It provides a theoretical basis for the uneven distribution of the strength of ICPB in the stope.

The research provides guidance for the optimization of the ratio of ICPB, the design of backfill pipe network system, and the visual monitoring of pipeline. And lays a theoretical foundation for the improvement of production safety issues such as the pipeline transportation of ICPB and the stability of goaf.