陕西铜川崔家沟煤矿属于黄陇煤田焦坪矿区，属高瓦斯矿井，五大自然灾害齐全，煤油共生的自然灾害严重，主采中、下侏罗统延安组4-2煤层，特别是4-2煤层极易自燃，从建矿至今已发生几十次煤层自燃事故，因此，本文研究重点就是围绕煤层自然发火和预防，分别从工作面通风、瓦斯抽采、采空区温度以及束管特征指标气体等环节，发现和解决生产过程中影响煤层自然发火的隐患，并总结矿井开采技术条件下煤层自然发火的规律。 基于目前的煤炭自然发火机理研究水平，紧紧围绕崔家沟煤矿2207工作面采空区煤自燃的基本情况，分析采空区煤自燃三带的范围，研究采空区自然发火规律。首先，从煤炭自燃危险区域判定理论入手，规划进行综放工作面采空区自燃规律研究技术方案；其次，进行现场试验研究，根据工作面通风瓦斯参数与自燃三带的关系，以及采空区的温度变化规律性确定自燃三带的范围；再则，运用灰色理论分析采空区上隅角CO，工作面推进度，计算出2207工作面采空区的自然发火期。 最后，根据煤层自燃的特点与规律，建立了温度与煤自燃指标气体监测为主的自然发火早期预报体系，提出了煤层采空区自燃的防灭火措施。

The Cui－Jiagou mine is located in Jiao－Ping digging region which belongs to Hong－Long coalfield. It is a high gas gushing mine. Due to the coal deposit accrete with oil gas. There are as much as 5 kind of disasters be accompanying with mining. Especially, the 4－2 coal seam grew in Jurassic Yanan group, which is the most easily spontaneous combustion. And there have been being many coal spontaneous combustion disasters since it’s starting. Thereby, the key study in the paper is aiming as fighting to coal spontaneous combustion. The research work would begin from ventilation in work face, gas drainage and exploition, gap temperature and index gases of spontaneous combustion, discover and analyze the trouble factors for gap spontaneous combustion hidden in mining process. To summarizing the special rules of spontaneous combustion in full mechanized caving mining condition. Based on the actual production of the theory on coal spontaneous combustion, and aiming at the basic mining circumstance of the 2207 work face in Cui－Jiagou mine, first, the determination theory of coal spontaneous combustion zone is utilized to make out the technique project, studying on the rule of gap spontaneous combustion in 2207 work face. The second, the local determinate test is carried out to confirm the “three strip” zone with the relation between ventilation volume to gas parameter, and bases on the law about temperature changes along distance inside gap. The third, the term of gap spontaneous combustion was worked out by using grey theory to relate the consistence of CO to the marching length of work face. At last, a forecasting system for defending gap spontaneous combustion is set up with parameters of temperature and supervising gases, which is based on the studying result above. And the defending measures is put forward else to prevent gap spontaneous combustion.