小电流接地配电网单相接地故障选线问题是制约配电网安全稳定运行，电能持续可靠供应的关键环节，为了提高配电网自动化的发展水平，迫切需要研究准确率高和适应性强的故障选线方法。本文的研究工作围绕小电流接地系统单相接地故障选线过程中所面临的故障电弧模型优化、滤波算法改进、选线方法原理提升三个方面展开。

西咸新区配电网根据电压等级不同而具备了不同类型的中性点接地方式，在其影响下往往表现出不同的单相接地故障特征和选线工况。本文研究讨论中性点不接地、中性点经消弧线圈接地以及中性点经小电阻接地配电网单相接地故障特征理论，围绕西咸新区配电网单相接地故障选线所遇到的两项主要问题分别提出相应的改进理论。一是针对滤除衰减直流分量的改进选线滤波算法进行研究。基于傅里叶变换与快速傅里叶变换的相关理论知识，研究对信号编程实现全波傅氏变换的方法；基于衰减直流分量对傅氏变换的影响做出相关的理论分析；基于误差分析理论总结全波傅氏算法中衰减直流分量产生误差的主要原因。利用多重视角下的仿真实例综合对比分析滤波效果，将滤波性能最佳的改进傅氏算法应用于小电流接地选线中，实现对选线算法的改进。二是从新的视角改进了单相接地故障选线技术。谐振接地系统下的单相接地故障稳态信号量极小，因而难以保证选线的准确性，本文研究并验证了基于消弧线圈时序控制的改进选线算法，得到系统不接地运行状态下的暂态信号用于更加准确的单相接地故障选线的结论。最后，建立动态电弧故障仿真模型，搭建改进电弧模型建立单相接地故障仿真平台并用于对以上改进理论的仿真研究，研究结论表明改进滤波算法和改进选线方法均能够有效提高西咸新区单相接地故障选线准确率。

The problem of single-phase ground fault selection of small current ground distribution network is the key link that restricts the safe and stable operation of distribution network and the continuous and reliable supply of power, and in order to adapt to the development level of distribution network automation, it is urgent to study the fault selection method with high accuracy and adaptability. The research work of this paper focuses on the three aspects of fault arc model optimization, filter algorithm improvement and line selection method principle enhancement in the process of single-phase ground fault selection of small current grounding system.

Considering that the medium voltage distribution network in Xixian New Area often has different fault characteristics and line selection conditions under different neutral point ground operation mode, the theoretical analysis is carried out on the fault characteristics of the medium voltage distribution network under the ground operation mode of the neutral point without grounding, the neutral point by arcing coil grounding and the neutral point by small resistance grounding mode. Two main problems encountered in selecting single-phase ground fault lines for distribution network in Xixian New Area are put forward respectively. The first is to study the improved selection line filtering algorithm for filtering the attenuation DC component. Based on the theoretical knowledge of Fourier transformation and rapid Fourier transformation, the method of signal programming to achieve full-wave Fourcheon transformation is studied. Based on the theoretical analysis of the effect of attenuated DC components on Fu's transformation, based on error analysis theory, the existing new ideas in filtering out signals containing attenuated DC components are summarized. Using the simulation examples from multiple perspectives to analyze the filtering effect comprehensively, the best improvement of filtering performance is applied to the small current ground selection line, and the improvement of the selection algorithm is realized. The second is to improve the single-phase ground fault selection technology from a new perspective. The single-phase ground fault steady-state signal mass under the resonant ground system is very small, so it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the selection line. The improved line selection algorithm based on arc-eliminating coil timing control is studied and verified, and the transient signal in the non-ground operation state of the system is used for more accurate single-phase ground fault selection. Finally, the dynamic arc fault simulation model is established, the improved arc model is built to establish a single-phase ground fault simulation platform and is used for the simulation study of the above improvement theory.

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