煤田火区有害气体排放对大气的污染特别严重，已经引起广泛关注。迄今为止，煤田火区有害气体污染评估及其预测的研究尚不完善。而随着对大气环境的管理逐步由定性管理转化为定量管理和由浓度控制向总量控制方向的发展，煤田火区有害气体的排放量与空气质量之间的量变关系成为大气环境管理中最重视的问题之一。 本文以神府煤田活鸡兔火区为研究对象，通过对煤田火区燃烧机理、燃烧因素以及燃烧条件等多方面分析，深入认识煤火与大气环境相互作用的机理，分析煤田火区典型有害气体排放规律特征。通过野外勘查，初步定性判定活鸡兔火区有害气体污染状况、危害程度以及主要大气环境制约因素。根据活鸡兔火区煤燃烧的气体成分，结合我国《环境空气质量标准》GB3095-2012、《大气污染物综合排放标准》GB16297-1996等相关标准确定煤火有害气体污染评估因子。以大气扩散模式相关知识为基础，建立煤田火区有害气体排放强度的数学模型，对火区释放的典型有害气体（CO、CH4、SO2、NO2等）以及环境参数（温度、风速、气压等）进行现场原位监测，测算出活鸡兔火区有害气体排放量及其环境影响因素之间的关系。根据活鸡兔火区地形地貌以及大气影响制定方案进行有害气体污染布点监测，在对大气污染质量评价方法研究的基础上，采用改进后适用于煤田火区有害气体污染评价的灰色聚类法对监测数据进行污染程度评价分析，进而确定活鸡兔火区有害气体污染程度。最后，在现场监测分析基础上针对典型有害气体扩散的独特性对其扩散的影响因素进行分析，通过对气体扩散模型的简化以及参数修正，结合模拟软件EIAProA利用测算出的排放强度及当时气象条件对活鸡兔火区典型有害气体进行扩散趋势预测，将其预测结果与已监测数据进行对比验证分析，证明模拟结果与实测结果有较好的一致性。

The harmful gas emissions at coal fire area to the atmosphere pollution is extremely serious, which has caused wide public concern. So far, the harmful gas pollution assessment and prediction of coal fire area researches are still not perfect. With atmospheric environmental management gradually converted from qualitative to quantitative and controlled by the concentration to develop in the direction of implementing total amount control, air pollutant emissions at coal fire area and the quantitative relationship between the environmental air quality has became one of the most concern in the atmospheric environmental management issues. This passage makes the Huojitu coal fire area as the research object. Which can further understanding the mechanism of interaction between coal fire and atmospheric environment, and also can analyze the rules of the coal fire area typical harmful gas emissions from the combustion mechanism, factors and combustion condition analysis of coal fire area and so on. Based on the field survey to predict the condition of the harmful gas pollution, damage degree and the major atmospheric environmental constraints of Huojitu fire area.Then determined the assessment factors of harmful gas which based on the composition of the burning of coal gases at coal fire region with the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095- 2012)and the Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants (GB16297-1996). Based on the atmospheric diffusion model and related knowledge, to establish the mathematical model of coal fire area and harmful gas emissions intensity, and then do situ monitoring on the typical harmful gases (CO, CH4 and SO2, NO2, etc.) and environmental parameters (temperature, wind speed, air pressure, etc.) at the coal fire area. To make sure the connection between the harmful gas emissions and its environmental impact factors at Huojitu fire area. Based on the topography and atmospheric effects to made the stationing monitoring schemes of the armful gas pollution. With the studying of the quality evaluation method of air pollution, which has been improved to suit the monitoring data analysis that used the gray clustering method to judge the pollution level to determine Huojitu fire area harmful gas pollution levels at coal fire area. Finally, the researchers analyzed the influence factors of the spread of the through the field monitoring analysis typical harmful gas diffusion. And by a simplified model of gas diffusion and parameter correction, then combined the simulation software of EIAProA uses to the emissions intensity between the measure and the meteorological conditions on Huojitu fire area to typical harmful gas diffusion trend prediction, and proved that the simulation results with the measured results had a good consistency.