神东矿区主要开采浅埋近距离煤层，榆家梁煤矿煤层间距较小，下煤层过上覆遗留煤柱开采时矿压显现异常强烈，严重威胁矿井安全高效开采。本文以神东榆家梁煤矿43303-2工作面为背景，采用现场实测、数值模拟、理论分析和工程实践相结合的方法，研究了工作面过平行煤柱开采的矿压规律，应用顶板结构理论分析了强矿压机理，开展了水力压裂工程实践，总结了削弱强矿压的防治经验。主要研究结果如下：

（1）过平行煤柱的强矿压规律。对榆家梁煤矿工作面平行煤柱下开采支架压架过程、地表沉陷特征进行了实测分析，其来压强度比过上覆采空区的周期来压强烈，一般在出煤柱阶段来压最为强烈。通过破坏煤柱，减小平行煤柱载荷集中，可减轻来压强度。

（2）过平行煤柱开采压架机理。基于FLAC3D数值模拟分析，诱发强动载矿压的主导因素是上覆平行煤柱及其倒梯形结构的集中应力没有得到有效释放。当工作面出煤柱时，煤柱应力由工作面煤壁前方转移到支架上方顶板，导致基本顶破断回转，上覆平行煤柱及倒梯形岩体载荷使间隔岩层关键层结构滑落失稳，造成强矿压。

（3）过平行煤柱开采支架工作阻力计算。在台阶岩梁结构的基础上，结合上覆平行煤柱倒梯形结构，给出了支架载荷定量计算方法。

（4）过平行煤柱动载矿压防治技术。采用水力压裂技术在间隔岩层中位于煤柱前、煤柱下和煤柱后的三个位置施工水力压裂钻孔，对工作面过平行煤柱开采的强矿压进行了防治。主要目的是减小来压步距，减少煤柱载荷集中释放，提升顶板结构稳定性，减缓过煤柱来压的强度。

（5）工程实践效果分析。对工程实践的监测表明，回采过程中压裂治理区域顶板垮落良好，实施顶板水力压裂防治技术可以对上覆平行煤柱集中应力进行有效释放，减缓了强矿压显现，消除了压架事故隐患，验证了水力压裂对过平行煤柱开采强矿压治理的有效性。

In Shendong mining area, the shallow buried close coal seams are mainly mined, the interburden thickness of Yujialiang Coal Mine is small, and the ground pressure appears abnormally strong when the lower coal seam is mined pass the overlying coal pillar, which seriously threatens the safe and efficient mining of the mine. Based on the 43303-2 working face of Yujialiang Coal Mine in Shendong, this paper uses the methods of field measurement, numerical simulation, theoretical analysis and engineering practice, and the mechanism of strong mining pressure is analyzed by applying the theory of roof structure, and the engineering practice of hydraulic fracturing to control strong mining pressure is carried out. The main research results are as follows:

(1) The strong ground pressure law of over parallel coal pillar. The process of support crush under the concentrated coal pillar in the working face of Yujialiang Coal Mine, and the characteristics of surface subsidence were measured and analyzed, the incoming pressure intensity was stronger than the periodic weighting in the overlying mining area. In the overburden mining pressure control, processing the coal pillar to destroy it can reduce the concentrated pressure.

(2) The pressure mechanism of over parallel coal pillar. Based on FLAC3D numerical simulation analysis, the dominant factor that induces strong dynamic load mining pressure is that the concentrated stress of the overlying coal pillar, its inverted trapezoidal structure is not effectively released. When the working face out of the coal pillar, the coal pillar stress is transferred from the front of the working face coal wall to the roof and support, which leads to the main roof breaking rotary, and the overlying coal pillar and the inverted trapezoidal rock load makes the key layer structure of the interval rock slip and destabilize, causing strong ground pressure.

(3) Over parallel coal pillar mining bracket work resistance calculation. On the basis of the step voussior beam structure, combined with the overlying coal pillar inverted trapezoidal structure, the calculation method of the quantitative bracket load is given.

(4) Over parallel coal pillar dynamic load mine pressure prevention and control technology. Hydraulic fracturing technology is used to construct hydraulic fracture boreholes at three locations in the interval rock seam located in front of working face, under and behind the coal pillar to prevent and control the strong ground pressure of over coal pillar mining at the working face. The main purpose is to reduce the period weighting interval, reduce the concentrated release of coal pillar load, increase the height of roof collapse and bedding thickness, enhance the stability of roof structure, and slow down the strength of incoming pressure of over coal pillar.

(5) Analysis of the effect of engineering practice. The monitoring of engineering practice shows that the roof caving is good in the fracturing treatment area during the mining, and the implementation of the roof hydraulic fracturing prevention and control technology can effectively release the concentrated stress of the overlying coal pillar, slow down the appearance of strong ground pressure, eliminate the hidden danger of support crush accidents, and verify the effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing on the management of strong ground pressure in over coal pillar mining.