地震资料解释是地球物理工作中一个非常重要的环节，是将地震资料转化为地质语言的重要步骤，关系到地震资料能否充分发挥其地质效果。现今的地震资料解释已不仅仅满足于常规的构造解释，而是更倾向于以地震信息为主，借助先进解释技术，开展储层特征综合分析、油气藏分布规律等更深层次的研究。基于此，本文研究了地震资料解释中的一些先进技术和方法，并对其进行了改进，使地震资料的解释更加准确合理。本文的重点内容如下： 首先是相干体技术。相干体技术是近年发展起来的一项功能强大的地震属性解释新技术，主要应用于地质构造、沉积环境的解释和隐蔽性油气藏的勘探开发等领域。本文首先研究并总结了相干体的三代算法，之后对它们的效果进行了对比和分析，针对第三代相干体算法效率低的问题，把超道技术引入到第三代相干体算法的计算中，实验表明，该方法在保持第三代相干效果的前提下，提高了运算速度。 其次是相干体切片的滤波。相干体切片常被用于进行断层和岩性的变化解释，其质量直接关系到断层解释的效果，因而提高该切片的质量至关重要。本文在总结传统滤波方法的基础上，针对相干体切片的特征，应用了边缘保持滤波方法，并对其进行了改进，采用了一种新的分析模板。实验表明，该方法不仅能很好地滤除相干切片上的噪声，同时也能较好地保持断层边缘。 最后是地震剖面的滤波。在地震数据体剖面中，地震反射同相轴的识别和追踪是非常重要的步骤，要识别和追踪出反射同相轴，就要求地震剖面具有较高的质量，即高信噪比和高分辨率。本文针对地震剖面所具有的特征，应用了基于偏微分方程的滤波方法，先详细研究了P-M模型和J.Weickert模型的滤波效果，然后在此基础上，针对J.Weickert模型出现的虚假条纹现象，提出了其改进模型。经过比较发现，该改进模型能够较好地消除虚假条纹并较好地保护边缘纹理。

The interpretation of seismic data is a very important step in the work of geophysics as well as an important process to transform the seismic data into geological language. It relates to whether the seismic data could perform itself effectively. Nowadays, the interpretation of seismic data is not only confined to routine structure interpretation, but more depends on seismic information, using advanced interpretation technologies, developing further research on the comprehensive analysis of layer’s characteristics, oil and gas’s distributing rules, and so on. Based on this, in this paper, we study and improve sereval technologies and methods to make the interpretation of seismic data more accurate. The key points are as follows: First of all, this paper is a tentative study of the Coherence Cube Technology. Seismic Coherence Cube Technology is a remarkably simple yet powerful new technology of seismic attribute analysis which is developed in recent years. It is mainly used in the interpretation of geological structure and sedimentary environment, the exploration of hidden oil and gas reserves, and so on. This paper firstly researches and summarizes the three generation algorithms of Coherence Cube Technology, then compares and analyzes their effects. In order to solve the problem of low efficiency of C3, a new coherency algorithm based on Super trace technology and Rayleigh quotient acceleration method is introduced into the calculation of C3. Experiments demonstrate that this method can preserve the effect of C3 as well as improve the computing speed. Besides, this paper focuses on the filtering of coherence cube slice. This slice is often used to interpret the variation of faults and lithology. Its quality directly relates to the result of fault interpretation, so improving the quality of slice is very important. In this paper, several typical image denoising approaches are applied. In view of the features of coherence cube slice, we use the EPS method here on the foundation of several traditional methods, and then improve it by using a new analytical model. According to experiments, this method can not only filter the noise in the slice perfectly, but also preserve the edge of faults very well. Finally, it is concerned with the filtering of seismic section. In the seismic data section, identifying and tracing the seismic reflection in-phase axis are very important steps. In order to achieve these goals, high quality of the seismic section is very necessary, that is to say, high SNR and high resolution are needed. In this paper, according to the features of the seismic data section, filtering methods based on Partial Differential Equation are applied here. First, the filtering effects of P-M Model and J.Weickert Model are studied very carefully. Then, on the basis of the previous studies, an ameliorating method is put forward to solve the problem of the fake stripes which appear in the model of J.Weickert. After comparing the results, we draw the conclusion that this improved method can get better effects on filtering the fake stripes and preserving the character of textures.