目前，国内外对空洞病害的影响研究主要是在静力作用下进行的，而对动力作用下存在空洞的隧道衬砌的研究较少，因此，研究爆破振动作用下存在空洞的隧道衬砌的动力响应规律，探索爆破振动对背后存在空洞的隧道衬砌的安全性影响，具有重要的理论意义。 本文主要的研究内容和结论如下： (1)借助结构力学的方法，分析了拱顶空洞影响下隧道衬砌结构的破坏机理。结果表明，拱顶最有可能发生破坏；围岩情况越差，空洞尺寸越大，隧道的跨度越大，则拱顶外侧所受的拉力作用就越明显。 (2)将深埋长隧道及其拱顶背后空洞简化为各向同性弹性材料全空间中的相邻圆形孔洞问题，并根据前人的理论提出了平面SH波入射下问题的解决方法。 (3)利用MIDAS/GTS有限元软件，进行了爆破振动作用下拱顶空洞对既有隧道衬砌结构的动力响应规律数值模拟研究。结果表明，空洞环向和径向尺寸的增大对拱顶水平方向的振速具有减小作用，对竖直方向的振速具有增大作用，而且径向尺寸的影响更大；爆破振动作用下，受空洞影响最大的是迎爆侧拱脚和底板两个部位。 (4)将爆破振动作用下对存在空洞的隧道衬砌的防护措施归结为主动防护和被动防护两大类，分别叙述了具体措施及其作用原理。并验证了隧道预裂爆破的减震效果。

Currently, the researches on cavity are mainly carried out under static loading in domestic and international, but little study on the rule of dynamic response of tunnel lining, when there is a cavity behind the lining, has been undertaken as yet. Therefore, the research on the lining dynamic response of the tunnel lining with defects (e. g. cavity) under the seismic effect of blasting, and study the influence on the safety of the tunnel lining with a cavity under the blasting vibration, has important theoretical significance. The main contents and results are as follows: (1)Using the structural mechanics method, to dissect the failure mechanism of the tunnel lining with a cavity behind the vault. Research shows that the dome section most likely failure occurs; the worse the condition of surrounding rock, the larger the size of cavity, the larger the geometry parameters of the tunnel section, the more significant the pulling force on the outside of the dome lining will suffer. (2)Simplified the question of deep tunnel with a cavity behind dome into two adjacent circular holes in the full space which is made of isotropic elastic material. And according to previous theories, put forward a solution to the problem with plane incident SH waves. (3)With the help of MIDAS/GTS, to construct numerical models, and to carry out numerical simulation of the dynamic response of the existing tunnel with a cavity under the excavation blasting vibration in a contiguous new tunnel. The results showed that, the increase of the size in hoop direction and radial direction, has a reduced role to the horizontal velocity of the vault lining, while increases the velocity in vertical direction, and the former is more significant; under the action of blasting vibration, the most heavily impacted by the cavity is the arch footing toward the bursting side and the bottom. (4)Under the effect of blasting vibration, the protective measures of the tunnel lining with cavities behind it can be divided into two categories, named active protection measures and passive protection measures. And describes the specific measures and action principle separately. After that, using numerical simulation method to verify the protective effect of protective measures.