煤泥水处理是选煤厂生产过程中的重要环节，随着国家对于环保力度的加强，煤泥水处理单元成为选煤厂工作的关键环节。由于煤泥水中含有大量的高灰细泥，在人工加药过程中，存在药剂与煤泥水混合效果差和药剂添加不稳定等问题，这就给选煤厂的煤泥水处理工作带来了极大的困扰。本文以上湾选煤厂煤泥水处理系统为研究对象，分析了煤泥水的性质，开展了实验室絮凝沉降试验，基于数值模拟研究了不同结构药剂静态混合器的流场情况，设计了实验室条件下的静态混合器，探究了药剂与煤泥水最优混合方案，并对生产现场的煤泥水加药系统进行了改造。研究结果对选煤厂煤泥水处理系统优化具有重要现实指导意义。主要内容如下:

（1）对上湾选煤厂煤泥水进行了性质分析和絮凝沉降试验研究。结果表明，煤泥细颗粒含量较高，煤泥表面存在较多的含氧官能团，煤泥表面带负电。无机絮凝剂聚合氯化铝（PAC）对沉降速度的影响较小，对澄清水的质量影响较大，当PAC用量减少时，澄清度变差；有机絮凝剂聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）对沉降速度的影响较大，对澄清水的质量影响较小，改变有机药剂用量，澄清水质量均较好。当PAC药剂用量为吨干煤泥0.52 Kg，PAM药剂用量为吨干煤泥0.21 Kg，对试验煤泥水有较好的沉降效果。

（2）采用全管径、半管径和收缩径三种静态混合器结构模型，模拟了絮凝剂的混合过程。研究发现，全管径结构模型由于其管内流体非满管状态流动，螺旋叶片与圆管内壁面相切的结构性质会产生较强湍流现象，气液两相耦合现象严重，会对煤泥水流体中已经形成的煤泥絮凝团造成不利的影响，而且沿管程阻力较大，不利于煤泥水流体顺利流入浓缩机中；采用半管径与收缩径两种几何模型时，气液两相耦合较全管径结构模型的气液两相耦合更少，速度更均匀，但半管径结构模型的速度云图表明，半幅螺旋叶片存在煤泥水液流摔落现象，容易出现已经絮凝好的絮团被“摔碎”的现象。因此螺旋叶片与边壁有空隙的收缩径结构模型更适合煤泥水的絮凝。合理的螺旋叶片应为螺距处于3200 mm至4000 mm之间的收缩径结构型式。

（3）在实验室静态混合器上验证了试验用煤泥水的药剂絮凝混合效果。依据上湾选煤厂浓缩机入料管参数，计算得到实验室静态混合器的叶片尺寸为200*33.3 mm，管道为DN50。试验结果表明，与单点加药情况对比，采用走桥多孔加药的方式煤泥水絮凝沉降速度快；螺旋叶片长度过长会导致煤泥水与药剂混合时间过长，破坏已形成的絮团，影响煤泥水的絮凝沉降效果。适宜尺寸的叶片不仅制作简单，且工作效果优良，能够使药剂混合过程产生较大速度梯度，混合效果明显提高。

（4）基于上述研究结果，进一步优化并改造了选煤厂的煤泥水处理加药系统。改造后，浓缩机呈现出良好的工作状态，药剂制度合理。浓缩机底流浓度提高了65.6 g/L，加压过滤机排料周期平均缩短了48 s。阳离子药剂消耗降低了6.73%，阴离子药剂消耗降低了8.81%。加药系统优化改造后的不仅煤泥水系统自动化程度提升，而且各项技术指标明显改善。

Coal slime water treatment is an important link in the production process of coal preparation plants. With the strengthening of the country's environmental protection efforts, coal slime water treatment has become the focus of coal preparation plants. Due to the large amount of high-ash fine mud in the slime water, the poor mixing effect of the agent and the slime water during the artificial dosing process, and the instability of the agent addition, which brings great trouble to the slime water treatment of the coal preparation plant. Taking the slime water treatment system of Shangwan Coal Preparation Plant as the research object, this paper analyzedthe properties of slime water, carried out the laboratory flocculation and sedimentation test, studied the flow field of reagent static mixer with different structures based on numerical simulation, designed the static mixer under laboratory conditions, explored the optimal mixing scheme of reagent and slime water, and transformed the slime water dosing system on the production site.  The research results have practical guiding significance for the optimization of slime water treatment system in coal preparation plant. The main contents are as follows:

(1) The property analysis and flocculation sedimentation test of coal slurry water in Shangwan Coal Preparation Plant were carried out. The results show that the fine particle content of coal slime is high, there are many oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of coal slime, and the surface of coal slime is negatively charged. The inorganic flocculant polyaluminium chloride (PAC) has little effect on the sedimentation rate and has a great effect on the quality of clarified water. The organic flocculant polyacrylamide (PAM) has a great influence on the sedimentation rate and a small influence on the quality of clarified water. When the dosage of PAC agent is 0.52 Kg per ton of dry slime and the dosage of PAM agent is 0.21 Kg per ton of dry slime, the test slime water has a good sedimentation effect.

(2) Numerical simulation of static mixers with three structures of full tube, half tube and shrink down, it is found that for the full tube structure type, because the fluid in the tube is not full, the structural properties of the helical blade tangent to the inner wall of the circular tube causes strong turbulence, and the gas-liquid two-phase coupling is serious. It has an adverse effect on the coal slime flocculation already formed in the slime water fluid, and the resistance along the process is relatively large, which is not conducive to the smooth flow of the slime water fluid into the thickener. For the two geometric models of shrink down and half tube, the gas-liquid two-phase coupling is less than the gas-liquid two-phase coupling of the full tube structure, and the velocity is more uniform, but the velocity nephogram of the half tube structure shows that the half-width spiral blade has the phenomenon of coal slurry water flow falling, it is easy to appear that the flocculation that has been flocculated is broken. Therefore, the shrink down structure with a gap between the spiral blade and the side wall is more suitable for the flocculation of slime water. The reasonable spiral blade shall be a reduced diameter structure with a pitch between 3200 mm and 4000 mm.

(3) The chemical flocculation mixing effect of coal slurry water for test is verified by laboratory static mixer. According to the feed pipe parameters of thickener in Shangwan Coal Preparation Plant, it is calculated that the blade size of laboratory static mixer is 200 * 33.3 mm and the pipe is DN50. The test results show that compared with single point dosing, the flocculation and sedimentation speed of coal slime water by bridge porous dosing is fast. The long length of spiral blade leads to long mixing time, which will destroys flocs and affect the flocculation and sedimentation effect of slime water. The blade with appropriate size is not only simple to manufacture, but also has excellent working effect. It can produce a large velocity gradient in the process of reagent mixing, and the mixing effect is significantly improved.

(4) Based on the above research results, the slime water treatment dosing system of the coal preparation plant is further optimized and transformed. After the transformation, the thickener is in good working condition and the reagent system is reasonable. The concentration of the underflow of the concentrator is increased by 65.6 g/L, and the discharge cycle of the pressure filter is shortened by an average of 48s. The consumption of cationic agents is reduced by 6.73%, and the consumption of anionic agents is reduced by 8.81%. After the optimization and transformation of the dosing system, not only the automation degree of the slime water system is improved, but also various technical indexes are significantly improved.

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