鄂尔多斯盆地是中国陆内典型的煤油气共生型沉积盆地之一，拥有丰富的煤、油、气等矿产资源。黄陵矿区位于鄂尔多斯盆地南部，是典型的煤油气共生型矿区。本文以鄂尔多斯盆地南部黄陵矿区中生代煤系（侏罗系延安组、三叠系延长组）作为研究对象，利用工业分析、元素分析及显微煤岩组分分析及镜质组反射率测定等手段，对黄陵矿区延安组2号煤的地球化学特征（煤岩、煤质及煤中元素组成）开展系统分析；借助索氏萃取、气质联用分析、气相色谱及稳定同位素比值质谱等测试手段，对黄陵矿区中生代煤系有机质（延安组2号煤、煤系赋存原油、延长组7段原油和延长组8段原油）的化学组成、2号煤层赋存原油的来源及其围岩（煤层及其顶、底板）中赋存矿井瓦斯的气体成因类型进行综合判识研究，研究成果为黄陵矿区煤油气综合利用和矿井安全生产提供理论依据，取得的主要成果和认识如下：

（1）黄陵矿区延安组2号煤属低灰、中高挥发分、高发热量煤，镜质组最大反射率介于0.68%-0.78%之间，平均为0.74%。显微煤岩组分以惰质组为主，镜质组次之，壳质组含量最少，其平均含量分别为50.7%、43.1%和1.7%。煤中微量元素以钒和镓为主，硫、氯等有害元素整体含量偏低，其中硫元素赋存形态以无机硫形式为主。延安组2号煤H/C介于0.7-0.72之间，O/C比介于0.07-0.08之间，属于Ⅱ-2型干酪根。延安组2号煤经氯仿溶剂萃取处理后得到的物质组成以脂肪烃为主，包括：正构烷烃、萜烷及甾烷等。根据生物标志化合物参数判断，黄陵矿区延安组煤沉积环境以湖泊相和咸水湖相的还原环境为主，母质来源以浮游植物为主。

（2）黄陵矿区延安组2号煤层赋存原油的生物标志化合物中甾烷C₂₇、C₂₈、C₂₉的相对丰度分别为43.8%、33%、23.3%；Pr/Ph等于0.83；C₂₉20S/（20S+20R）与C₂₉ββ/（ββ+αα）分别为0.85和0.81，表明煤层中赋存原油的物质来源以浮游生物为主，在淡水湖泊相的还原环境中沉积，已进入原油成熟阶段。油源判识结果显示，该原油是在早白垩世晚期，由延长组7段烃源岩（泥/页岩）进入生烃门限后，生成的原油沿裂隙向上运移并赋存于侏罗系延安组煤层中；此外，原油及其族组分的碳同位素差异特征也体现了原油在运移中发生了分馏作用。

（3）黄陵矿区矿井瓦斯存在三种成因类型和四种赋存形式的气体，具干气特征。气体组成以甲烷为主，氮气次之，二氧化碳较少，其平均含量分别为79.81%、16.31%和1.34%，不存在或含极少的重烃成分。矿井瓦斯气体稳定碳同位素分布范围在-61.18‰～-51.45‰，稳定氢同位素分布区间为-240.41‰～-220.49‰。同位素数据显示研究区矿井瓦斯的三种气体成因类型主要为生物成因气、混合成因气和油型气。其中延安组2号煤层赋存瓦斯主要成因类型为生物气和油型气的混合成因气；2号煤层顶板气主要成因类型为生物气和油型气的混合成因气；2号煤层底板气成因类型主要为油型气。四种赋存形式总结为油中气、煤中气、上气下油及煤油气独立富集的模式。

Ordos Basin is one of the typical coal-oil-gas coexisting sedimentary basins with abundant mineral resources, such as coal, oil and gas, and so on. Huangling mining area, located in the south of Ordos Basin, is one of the typical coal-oil-gas coexisting mining areas. Based on the Huangling mining area in the south Ordos Basin Mesozoic coal measures (Jurassic Yan’an and Triassic Yanchang Formation) as the research object, the geochemistry characteristics of the No.2 coal seam of Yan’an Formation in Huangling mining area were systematically studied using the methods of industrial analysis, element analysis, microscopic coal rock composition analysis and vitrinite reflectance, measurement. The chemical composition of Mesozoic coal organic matter (No.2 coal of Yan’an Formation and crude oil of member-7 Yanchang Formation), the source of the No.2 coal seam occurring oil, and gas genetic types of mine gas in surrounding rock (coal seam and its roof and floor) were investigated based on soxhlet extraction, GC-MS analysis, GC testing, and stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The results provide a theoretical basis for the coal-oil-gas comprehensive utilization and mine safety production in the Huangling coal mining area. The main achievements and understandings are as follows.

（1）The No. 2 coal of Yan’an Formation in Huangling mining area belongs to low ash, medium and high volatile and high calorific value coal. The maximum reflectance of vitrinite ranges from 0.68%-0.78%, with an average of 0.74%. Inertinite is the main component, vitrinite is the second, and chitinite is the least, with an average content of 50.7%, 43.1% and 1.7%, respectively. The trace elements in coal are mainly vanadium and gallium, while the overall content of harmful elements such as sulfur and chlorine is low, and the occurrence form of sulfur element is mainly inorganic sulfur. The coal H/C and O/C ratio of Yan’an Formation in Huangling mining area are between 0.7-0.72 and 0.07-0.08, which belong to type Ⅱ-2 kerogen. The material composition of No. 2 coal of Yan'an Formation after chloroform solvent extraction is mainly aliphatic hydrocarbons, including n-alkanes, terpanes and steranes. According to biomarker compound parameters, the sedimentary environment of Yan’ an Formation coal in Huangling mine area is reduction environment with mainly lacustrine and saltwater lacustrine facies. The parent material is mainly sourced from phytoplankton.

（2） The relative abundance of steranes C₂₇, C₂₈ and C₂₉ in the biomarkers of crude oil in Yan’an Formation is 43.8%, 33% and 23.3%, respectively. Pr/Ph = 0.83; The values of C₂₉20S/(20S+20R) and C₂₉ββ/(ββ+αα) are 0.85 and 0.81, respectively, indicating that the source of organic matter of crude oil in coal bed is mainly plankton, which is deposited in freshwater lacustrine facies under reducting environment, and the crude oil has entered the maturity stage. The oil source identification results show that the crude oil migrated upward along with the fractures and occurred in the Jurassic Yan'an Formation coal seam after the source rock (mud/shale) of the Yanchang Formation entered the hydrocarbon generation threshold in the late Early Cretaceous. In addition, the carbon isotope difference between crude oil and its family components also reflects the fractionation of crude oil during migration.

（3）There are three genetic types and four occurrence forms of mine gas in Huangling mining area, with dry gas characteristics. The gas composition is mainly methane, followed by nitrogen and carbon dioxide, with an average content of 79.81%, 16.31% and 1.34%, respectively. There is no or very little heavy hydrocarbon composition. The stable carbon isotope of mine gas ranges from -61.18‰ to -51.45‰, and the stable hydrogen isotope ranges from -240.41‰ to -220.49‰. Isotopic data show that the three gas genetic types of mine gas in the study area are mainly biogenic gas, mixed gas and oil gas. The main genetic type of gas in No. 2 coal seam of Yan’an Formation is the mixed genetic gas of bio-gas and oil-gas. The main genetic type of roof gas in No.2 coal seam is a mixture of biological gas and oil gas. 2 coal seam floor gas genetic type is mainly oil type gas. The four types of occurrences are gas in oil, gas in coal, upper gas and lower oil and independent enrichment of coal oil and gas.

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