在煤炭的运输过程中，由于风力和运输车辆颠簸致使煤炭散失严重，造成严重的粉尘污染。此外，运煤列车在隧道内穿行，形成强大气流，致使煤炭粉料吹失严重，若隧道内的煤尘浓度达到爆炸极限，便会有发生爆炸的危险。为此，本文对用于煤炭运输的新型的复合型化学抑尘剂进行了研究开发。 在对国内外抑尘剂的现状及发展进行分析和研究的基础上，结合我国实际情况，采用水溶纤维素聚合物、改性淀粉高分子等水溶性聚合物为原料，研制了两种满足生态要求的集粘结、凝并、吸湿和保水为一体的复合型化学抑尘剂。同时对所研制的两种化学抑尘剂的抑尘机理、溶液粘度行为、溶液对煤料的渗透性、溶液对煤燃烧值的影响等方面进行了考察。试验结果表明: (1) 最佳配方一：水溶性纤维素高分子的质量分数为0.4%、丙三醇的质量分数为2%、其余为水；最佳配方二：改性淀粉高分子的质量分数为2.5%、丙三醇的质量分数为2.5%，其余为水。这两种配方的抑尘效率都在99.5%以上。 (2) 由红外光谱分析可知，这两种化学抑尘剂的分子链上都含有强亲水性基团。溶于水时，亲水基团在水分子的作用下开始离解，使得聚合物溶胀，同时，聚合物的网络扩张产生很强的弹性收缩力，因此，该化学抑尘剂溶液喷淋在煤粉样品表面时，对煤粉颗粒有很大的粘结力，从而起到抑尘作用。 (3) 以改性淀粉高分子为主要成分的化学抑尘剂的成本比以水溶性纤维素高分子为主要成分的化学抑尘剂的成本高43%，故推荐使用以水溶性纤维素高分子为主料的化学抑尘剂。 本论文最终确定以水溶性纤维素高分子为主料的化学抑尘剂作为煤炭运输用复合型化学抑尘剂。该抑尘剂效果好；原材料来源广泛、制备工艺简单、性价比高；无毒、无腐蚀性、在自然条件下容易降解；具有良好的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。

The serious dust pollution and the materiel loss are the main problems during the coal transport due to the effects of wind and the jolt of transport vehicles. Moreover, when the coal train traveling in the tunnel, it creates a strong airflow in the tunnel, this strong airflow caused serious loss of coal powder. If the dust concentration reaches to the explosion limit inside the tunnel, there will be an explosion hazard when the transport vehicle goes through. Therefore, the new type of composite chemical dust suppressants was studied in this paper, which mainly is used to solving the coal dust pollution and the materiel loss of the bulk in the process of coal transport. In this paper, the latest development about the chemical dust suppressants in domestic and foreign was analyzed and researched. Combined with the actual circumstance of our country, modified cellulose polymers, modified starch polymer and other water-soluble polymer was used as the raw material. Two kinds of complex chemical dust suppressants were prepared. The two complex chemical dust suppressants meet the ecological requirements, and they have the integrated nature of bond, coagulation, absorption and maintain water. Furthermore, we investigated their performance in the area of dust suppressant, such as: the mechanism of the dust suppression, the viscosity behavior of the chemical dust suppressant, the permeability in the piling of coal and what impaction on the value of coal combustion. The experiment results show that: (1) One best formula contain: the mass percentage of cellulose polymer is 0.4%, the mass percentage of glycerin is 2%, and the remaining material is water; By the same token, the other composition of the best formula contain: the mass percentage of starch polymer is 2.5%, the mass percentage of glycerol is 2.5%, and the remaining material is water. These two formulations have the advantage of no corrosion and having strong ability to adapt to climate. (2) What we can see from the infrared spectra, the both chemical dust suppressants have the same dust formulation mechanism. They contain the molecular chain of strongly hydrophilic groups. When they dissolved in water, Firstly, the ionic hydrophilic group dissolved under the action of water molecules, then, the polymer molecular swelled. Meanwhile, as the expansion of polymer network, resulting in a strong elastic contraction. Therefore, when this chemistry dust suppression medicinal preparation solution sprays on the powdered coal sample surface, it has the very big cementing power to the powdered coal. (3) The cost of the formula which modified starch is the main ingredient is higher than the formula which based on water-soluble cellulose polymer materials, the numerical value is 43%. On this account, we recommend using the chemical dust suppressants prescription which water-soluble cellulose polymer was the main material. Finally, in this thesis, we believe that the best complex chemical dust suppressant which used in coal transportation was the formula which based on water-soluble cellulose polymer material. This kind of dust suppressants is an effective method for suppressing flying dust, and the raw materials of the dust suppressant are extensive, and its preparation technology are simple, and comprehensive cost is reasonable. In addition, every ingredient of the dust suppressant is non-toxic and non-corrosive and is easy to decompose in nature. Using it, enormous economic benefit environmental benefit and social benefit can be created.