党的十九大报告提出了乡村振兴战略，优先发展农村义务教育是实施乡村振兴战略的关键。乡村振兴战略为农村义务教育提供了政策支持，农村义务教育为乡村振兴培养基础人才。现阶段，我国农村义务教育的普及不断提高，但在一些民族地区，农村义务教育在师资、经费、办学条件等方面存在问题，这些问题是影响乡村振兴的关键性问题。基于此，实施乡村振兴战略，必须高度重视农村义务教育的发展，用公平而有质量的教育助力乡村振兴早日实现。 本文以湖北省恩施州农村义务教育作为研究对象，结合马克思主义经典作家关于教育的理论、毛泽东教育思想、中国特色社会主义教育理论的主要内容，进一步阐述了乡村振兴战略背景下加强农村义务教育的必要性和重要性。通过对恩施州农村义务教育发展的现状及存在问题的分析，发现恩施州当前存在教师队伍不强、办学条件不均、经费投入不足和其他方面的问题，主要原因在于自然环境的局限性、教师体系不完善、城乡资源分配不均、教育经费主体权责不明。 针对恩施州农村义务教育存在的问题，主要采取以下措施加以改进：一是加强教师队伍建设；二是促进学校办学条件优化；三是加强对教育经费的投入和管理；四是大力发展农村经济，助力义务教育水平提升。期望通过此研究，能为恩施州农村义务教育的发展提供决策和参考。

~The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward a rural revitalization strategy, and giving priority to the development of rural compulsory education is the key to implementing the rural revitalization strategy. The rural revitalization strategy provides policy support for rural compulsory education, which cultivates basic talents for rural revitalization. At this stage, the popularization of rural compulsory education in my country has been continuously improved, but in some ethnic areas, rural compulsory education has problems in terms of teachers, funds, school conditions, etc. These problems are the key issues affecting rural revitalization. Based on this, to implement the rural revitalization strategy, we must attach great importance to the development of rural compulsory education, and use fair and high-quality education to help rural revitalization to be realized as soon as possible.
This paper takes rural compulsory education in Enshi Prefecture, Hubei Province as the research object, and combines the main content of Marxist classic writers' theories on education, Mao Zedong's educational thought, and socialist education theory with Chinese characteristics, and further expounds the strategy of strengthening rural compulsory education under the background of rural revitalization strategy. necessity and importance. Through the analysis of the current situation and existing problems of rural compulsory education development in Enshi Prefecture, it is found that there are currently problems in Enshi Prefecture due to weak teaching staff, uneven school-running conditions, insufficient funding and other problems. The system is imperfect, the distribution of urban and rural resources is uneven, and the rights and responsibilities of the main body of education funding are unclear.
Aiming at the problems existing in rural compulsory education in Enshi Prefecture, the following measures are mainly taken to improve: first, strengthen the construction of the teaching staff;second, promote the optimization of school conditions; third, funding and management;vigorously develop the rural economy to help improve the level of compulsory education.It is hoped that this research can provide decision-making and reference for the development of rural compulsory education in Enshi Prefecture.