随着现代工业的发展和人民生活水平的提高，生活污水的有机物浓度越来越高﹑成分也越来越复杂。进水污染物浓度超过设计值，造成大量城市污水厂出水不达标。传统活性污泥法强化技术的研究已经成为研究热点。海绵铁作为一种新型微电解材料受到关注，本文选择将海绵铁投加到活性污泥系统中形成生物铁填料法。通过生物铁填料系统与传统活性污泥系统、单纯海绵铁系统的对比实验研究了生物铁填料法处理污水的效能。 实验结果表明，生物铁填料法是一种有效的城市污水处理工艺，并对水质的变化有一定的抗冲击能力。该工艺对有机物、氨氮、溶解性无机磷均有较好的去除效果，去除率分别为92.4%、96.3%、89.4%，并且污泥具有良好的沉降性能。生物铁填料法的最佳工况是COD、氨氮、无机磷进水浓度为300mg/L、30mg/L、5mg/L。 对于生物铁填料法，探讨了进水COD、氨氮、溶解性无机磷浓度等因素对系统去除有机物、脱氮除磷的影响。实验结果表明，对于COD的去除，COD、氨氮负荷增加时，COD去除率增大；无机磷负荷增加时，COD去除率基本不变。对于氨氮的去除，COD、氨氮负荷增大时，脱氮率增大；无机磷负荷增加时，脱氮率基本不变。对于磷的去除，COD、无机磷负荷增大时，无机磷的去除率增大；当氨氮负荷增大时，无机磷去除率减小。 生物铁填料法处理污水效果良好，具有较高的抗水质负荷冲击能力，出水浓度低，污染物去除时间短，可用于城市污水厂的改造。当出水水质不变时，生物铁填料法可大大节约处理时间，减小反应器容积；当反应器容积不变时，可增大进水水量，提高处理能力。实验结果为实际工程的设计和运行提供参考。通过实际生活污水的实验证明了生物铁填料法可用于实际污水的处理。

With the development of modern industry and the improvement of people's living , organic concentrations of domestic sewage become higher and the compositions become more complicated. Because the pollutant concentration of influent exceeds the design, the pollutant concentration of effluent exceeds standard discharge. Strengthening the traditional activated sludge process becomes a research focus. Sponge iron as a micro-electrolysis material has attracted more and more attention. Sponge iron taken into the traditional activated sludge process comes bio-iron filling process. The effect of bio-iron filling process treating sewage was researched through comparing the traditional activated sludge process with the sponge iron process. The results showed that bio-iron filling process was an effective treatment process of municipal wastewater treatment and had a stronger resistance to impact load. The process had a great capability to remove organic compounds, ammonia nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus. The removal rate is respectively 92.4%, 96.3% and 89.4%. The sludge of the settling property was excellent. The optimal operating condition of bio-iron filling process was that the concentration of organic compounds, ammonia nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus is respectively 300, 30 and 5mg/L. The removal of removal organic compounds, nitrogen and phosphorus were effected by the concentration of organic compounds, ammonia nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus. The results showed that the COD removal rate increased when the COD and ammonia nitrogen loading increased, the COD removal rate kept invariant when inorganic phosphorus loading increased, the denitrification rate increased when the COD and ammonia nitrogen loading increased, the denitrification rate kept invariant when inorganic phosphorus loading increased, the phosphorus removal rate increased when the COD and inorganic phosphorus loading increased, the phosphorus removal rate decreased when ammonia nitrogen loading increased. The bio-iron filling process had higher treatment efficiency and good results when temperature and load exchanging greatly. The effluent concentration was lower and the treatment time was shorter. The process can be used for transformation of municipal wastewater treatment plant. When the effluent concentration kept invariant, it can save treatment time and decrease volume of the reactor. When the volume of reactor kept invariant, the treatment ability was improved or the amount of inlet water was increased. These researches will give theoretical references for design and operation of the engineering. The experiment proved that bio-iron filling process can treat actual domestic wastewater effectly.