改革开放以来，中国实现了经济高速增长的“中国奇迹”，经济总量已达到世界经济总量的18.5%，经济快速增长带来的高排放、高污染等问题，使我国经济高质量发展压力巨大，2020年中国率先提出“双碳”目标，并在党的二十大报告中再次强调了该目标。减少碳排放的关键在于提高碳排放效率，通过技术进步和产业升级等手段提高全要素生产率，降低经济增长的“资源依赖症”。基于我国地区经济发展阶段和要素禀赋结构的异质性，从新结构经济学视角研究偏向性技术进步对碳排放效率的影响及其空间效应，对中国实现绿色发展具有重要理论和实际意义。

本文选取2011-2020年30个省（市、自治区）的面板数据，运用超越对数生产函数模型对偏向性技术进步指数值进行测算，运用超效率SBM模型对各省（市、自治区）碳排放效率值进行测算；结合新结构经济学和技术进步的相关理论，以不同地区的经济发展阶段和要素禀赋结构作为门槛，运用门槛模型分析了偏向性技术进步对碳排放效率的异质性；进一步运用空间杜宾模型分析了偏向性技术进步对碳排放效率的空间溢出效应。结果表明：技术进步总体上偏向于资本，与发达地区相比较，经济发展相对落后地区技术进步偏向于资本更为明显，且地区差异较大；各地区碳排放效率呈现明显的差异性特征，存在显著的“高-高”集聚和“低-低”集聚现象；偏向性技术进步对碳排放效率存在显著单门槛效应，以经济发展阶段为门槛时，呈现“U”型特征，以要素禀赋结构为门槛时，呈现“倒U”型特征；偏向性技术进步对碳排放效率具有显著的负向空间溢出效应。基于门槛效应和空间效应分析，从四个方面提出调整技术进步方向，提高碳排放效率的对策建议。

Since the reform and opening up, China has achieved the "Chinese miracle" of rapid economic growth, and the total economic volume has reached 18.5% of the world's economy. The problems of high emissions and pollution brought about by rapid economic growth have put enormous pressure on China's high-quality economic development, and China took the lead in proposing the "double carbon" target in 2020 which was re-emphasized in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The key to reducing carbon emissions lies in improving the efficiency of carbon emissions, increasing total factor productivity through technological progress and industrial upgrading, and reducing the "resource dependency" of economic growth. Based on the heterogeneity of China's regional economic development stages and factor endowment structures, investigating the impact of biased technological progress on carbon emission efficiency and its spatial effects from the perspective of new structural economics is of great theoretical and practical significance for China to achieve green development.

This paper selects panel data of 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) from 2011-2020, measures the value of biased technological progress index using the trans-logarithmic production function model, and measures the value of carbon emission efficiency of each province (municipality and autonomous region) using the super efficiency SBM model; combines the relevant theories of new structural economics and technological progress, using the economic development stage and factor endowment structure of different regions as the threshold. The heterogeneity of biased technological progress on carbon emission efficiency was analyzed using the threshold model, and the spatial spillover effect of biased technological progress on carbon emission efficiency was further analyzed using the spatial Durbin model. The results show that: technological progress is generally biased towards the capital, and compared with developed regions, technological progress is more obviously biased towards the capital in regions with relatively backward economic development, and there are large regional differences; the carbon emission efficiency of each region shows obvious characteristics of variability, and there are significant "high-high" agglomeration and "low-low" agglomeration. There is a significant single-threshold effect of biased technological progress on carbon emission efficiency, with a "U" shape when the threshold is the stage of economic development and an "inverted U" shape when the threshold is the factor endowment structure; the effect of biased technological progress on carbon emission efficiency is significant, with a "U" shape when the threshold is the stage of economic development and an "inverted U" shape when the threshold is the factor endowment structure. The biased technological progress has a significant negative spatial spillover effect on carbon emission efficiency. Based on the analysis of the threshold and spatial effects, we propose countermeasures to adjust the direction of technological progress and improve the efficiency of carbon emissions from four aspects.