随着煤矿机械化采掘技术的研究与发展，新型掘进设备的投入使用，由综掘工作面衍生而来的快速掘进工作面出现。其掘进速度加快，会导致粉尘的产生量急剧增大，在巷道内迅速扩散，高浓度粉尘不仅威胁煤矿工人的身心安全，而且阻碍高效生产作业。因此，对快速掘进工作面高效防尘的研究意义重大。

本文通过理论分析与数值模拟相结合的方式，对快速掘进巷道长压短抽式通风除尘系统优化并在此基础上，提出多抽风筒除尘系统及附壁风筒控尘系统，讨论了螺旋出风式和径向出风式附壁风筒的结构特点和参数优化。本文基于气固两相流理论，应用ANSYS Fluent数值模拟软件对快速掘进工作面粉尘分布进行模拟，进行现场验证并得到如下结论：

（1）对巷道风流进行模拟表明，在快速掘进巷道中长压短抽式通风会在掘锚机前后形成涡流区，阻碍粉尘的排除，通过合理的风筒布置及风量配比，能够降低粉尘聚集，提高除尘效率。

（2）经过数值模拟进行参数优化，得出压风筒直径1m，距迎头15m，抽风筒直径0.8m，距迎头3m且压抽风量比为1.3时，长压短抽式通风除尘系统除尘效率较高。在此基础上优化抽风筒，能够增加负压抽吸范围及强度，进一步降低粉尘浓度。

（3）附壁风筒形成的风幕可将大量粉尘控制在迎头一定范围内，改善司机作业环境，阻隔粉尘扩散的同时压缩尘源粉尘喷射空间，相比于普通长压短抽式通风，能够表现更好的控尘作用。

（4）采用控制变量法，保证长压短抽式参数不变的条件下，对螺旋出风式和径向出风式附壁风筒的出风口宽度和分风量进行参数优化。通过数值模拟结果对比，得出螺旋出风式和径向出风式附壁风筒最佳出口宽度分别为0.3m和0.05m，径轴向出风比均为1:2，经现场验证，粉尘在迎头3m范围内得到有效控制。

With the research and development of mechanized mining technology in coal mines and the use of new tunneling equipment, the rapid tunneling working face derived from the fully mechanized tunneling face appears. As the tunneling speed of the rapid tunneling working face is accelerating, the amount of dust generated has increased sharply, and it is severely spread in the roadway. The high concentration of dust not only threatens the health of mine workers, but also hinders safe and efficient production operations. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the high-efficiency dust-proof of the fast tunneling face.

Based on the optimization of the long-pressure and short-extraction ventilation dust removal system in the rapid tunneling working face by the method of combining theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, this paper proposes a multi-negative pressure air duct dust removal system and a wall-attached air duct dust control system, and discussed the structural characteristics and parameter optimization of the spiral-outlet type wall-attached air duct and radial-outlet type wall-attached air duct. Based on the theory of gas-solid two-phase flow, this paper uses ANSYS Fluent numerical simulation software to simulate the dust distribution of rapid tunneling working face. Perform on-site verification and get the following conclusions:

(1) The simulation of the air flow in the roadway shows, the long-pressure and short-extraction ventilation in the rapid tunneling roadway will form a vortex zone before and after the windlass, which hinders the removal of dust. Through reasonable air duct layout and air volume ratio, dust accumulation can be reduced and dust removal efficiency can be improved.

(2) After parameter optimization through numerical simulation, it is concluded that when the diameter of the positive-pressure air duct is 1m, the distance from the working face is 15m, the diameter of the negative-pressure air duct is 0.8m, the distance from the working face is 3m, and the pressure-extraction ratio is 1.3, the dust removal efficiency of the long-pressure and short-extraction ventilation and dust removal system is higher. On this basis, optimizing the suction tube can increase the range and intensity of negative-pressure air duct, and further reduce the dust concentration.

(3) The air curtain formed by the wall-attached air duct can control a large amount of dust in a certain range working face, improve the driver's working environment, block the spread of dust, and compress the dust source dust injection space. Compared with ordinary long-pressure and short-extraction ventilation, the wall-attached air duct can show better dust control effect.

(4) Using the controlled variable method to ensure that the parameters of the long-pressure and short-extraction type remain unchanged, the width of the outlet opening and the air distribution volume of the spiral-outlet type wall-attached air duct and radial-outlet type wall-attached air duct are optimized. Through the comparison of numerical simulation results, it is concluded that the best outlet widths of the spiral-outlet type wall-attached air duct and radial-outlet type wall-attached air duct respectively are 0.3m and 0.05m, and the radial-to-axial air outlet ratio is 1:2. According to field verification, the dust is effectively controlled within 3m working face.

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