随着信息技术日新月异的革新和发展，在国家“三网合一”、“光进铜退”发展战略的推动下，住宅小区的通信接入手段也从传统的DSL(Digital Subscriber Line数字用户专线)、LAN（Local Area Network局域网）技术基础上衍生出了XPON（X Passive Optical Network无源光纤网络）技术。 本文以长庆油田住宅小区为例，从通信接入的业务需求、建设成本、运维成本以及未来发展等多个方面进行了分析和比对，选取EPON（Ethernet Passive Optical Network以太网无源光网络）技术解决小区最后一公里的通信接入。文中对EPON技术的结构原理、应用模式、设计方案以及系统测试等进行了较深入的分析和研究。 在技术选取方面，本文采用分析对比法，从技术、成本、维护等多方面进行对比，结合业内应用业绩以及发展趋势，得出了EPON技术在目前的通信接入网中较其他技术具有明显的优势；在工程设计方面，本文从EPON系统的业务、数据规划入手，结合小区建设的实际需求进行OLT（Optical Line Terminal光线路终端）、ONU（Optical Network Unit光网络单元）、ODN（Optical Distribution Node光分配节点）的硬件资源配置，设计系统的组网方案和业务实现方案；在系统测试方面，采用仪器仪表测试以及现场业务验证等多种手段，实现对系统性能以及业务指标的验证和测试。 系统建设应用结果表明，EPON技术不仅技术上具有明显优势，而且在建设成本、运维成本上较传统LAN、DSL技术都有了大幅度降低，节省了人力资源和资金投入。在业务提供方面能够满足当前多业务、高带宽要求，真正实现了数据、语音、电视的“三网合一”。

With the rapid development of information technology, as well as the national "triple play", "copper back into the light" development strategy is under the impetus of thec ommunication by means of access, residential area on the base of the traditional DSL, LAN is derived on the XPON technology. In this paper, the Changqing Oilfield Community as an example, analyzed and compared from the aspects of communication access business requirements, construction cost, operation cost and the future development, select the EPON technology to solve the last mile accessarea. The structure and principle of EPON technology, application mode,design scheme and system test are analyzed and studied deeply. In the aspect of technology selection, this paper uses the comparative analysis method, from the aspects of technical, cost, and maintenance, they are combined with the application of performance and trend of development, the EPON technology has an obvious advantage compared with other technologies in the area of communication access network in china.In the engineering design, this article is maily about the EPON system of business,data of planning, configuration of hardware resources of OLT, combined with the actual needs of residential construction of ONU, ODN, they can achieve the scheme of network system and business system.In the system test, the test and field service verification and other means,the validation and test the performance of the system and the businessindex. The results show that the EPON application system construction not only has obvious advantages, but also it can reduce the cost in the aspect of construction, Operation and maintenance, which are less than the traditional LAN, DSL technology in order to save the human resourses and financial input and meet the business, high current requirements in the business, which can achieve the real implementation of the network data, voice, TV.