可燃性粉尘爆炸威力大、破坏性强，过程难以控制，对粉尘加工型企业的安全生产以及人民的生命财产安全都造成了极大的威胁。因此，可燃粉尘爆炸事故的防治工作一直被安全工作者所重视，在粉尘爆炸的防控工作从未停止。防黄剂HN-150粉尘在生产加工过程中包括了反应合成、离心分离、真空干燥、筛分粉碎、成品包装等工艺流程，这些过程中形成的可燃性粉尘云都有发生燃烧爆炸的可能性，但是目前国内对防黄剂粉尘燃烧爆炸的特性研究还相对较少，在防黄剂粉尘防爆控制方面缺少理论支撑。

本文首先进行了防黄剂的热解性能分析；然后利用Godbert-Greenwald（G-G）加热炉，实验测试了防黄剂粉尘样品的爆炸极限参数，分析了粉尘云质量浓度、粉尘粒径和喷尘压力三种因素对粉尘云最低着火温度的影响；最后利用20L爆炸球实验系统进行了防黄剂粉尘爆炸压力特性实验以及K₂CO₃、NH₄H₂PO₄和NaHCO₃三种抑爆材料的抑爆实验，并探究了惰性气体和惰性材料协同抑爆的效果。实验结果表明：

（1）四种升温速率下的防黄剂粉尘热解都存在4个明显的失重阶段，后两阶段的失重率相比于前两阶段较大，且随着坩埚温度的升高，失重阶段发生前后相差的温度值越小，表明热解反应随着温度的升高失重阶段逐渐连续；随着升温速率的升高，曲线的失重速率峰值越大，曲线外推起始温度越小，最大失重率Vmax的绝对值越大，对应升温速率下的热解越完全。升温速率为15K/min和20K/min的DSC曲线在一开始出现放热峰的原因是随着升温速率增大，热解反应初始阶段出现了气体吸附现象。质荷比越小，离子流强度曲线的峰值越大，第一失重阶段结束时气体产物的产率达到最大，在第三失重阶段结束时气体产物的产率再次达到峰值。防黄剂粉尘在升温速率为10K/min下的热解过程中析出了CH₄、CO、CH₂O、N₂O、CO₂、NO₂、C₂H₇N和H₂O等气体产物。

（2）防黄剂粉尘云的最低着火温度随着粉尘浓度的增大呈现出先降低的趋势，当继续增大到某一浓度时，其最低着火温度不再降低，并稳定在270℃，60目粒径范围内防黄剂颗粒的着火敏感浓度为2096g/m³，160目和200目粒径范围内的防黄剂粉尘的着火敏感浓度为1198g/m³。防黄剂粉尘浓度较小时，其最低着火温度较高，当粉尘浓度低于150 g/m³时，不论喷尘压力多大，防黄剂粉尘都不会着火。防黄剂粉尘的最低着火温度随着喷尘压力的增大，出现了三种不同的现象，第一种是粒径为60目和160目防黄剂粉尘浓度为299g/m3时，粉尘最低着火温度呈现出随喷尘压力增大而升高的明显趋势，但是粒径为200目时则出现了先降低后升高的趋势；第二种为粉尘浓度继续增大时，防黄剂粉尘最低着火温度则随着喷尘压力的增大呈现出先升高再逐渐平稳的趋势；第三种现象是当粉尘浓度再继续增大时，防黄剂粉尘最低着火温度不会随着喷尘压力的增大而出现变化；防黄剂粉尘的粒径越小，粉尘云最低着火温度值越低，越容易着火，越危险。

（3）在初始点火能量为2kJ，点火延迟时间为 60 ms的条件下，粒径为200目的防黄剂粉尘云爆炸下限为70~80 g/m³；随着防黄剂粉尘云浓度的增加，粉尘云最大爆炸压力先增大后减小，当防黄剂粉尘质量浓度达到 350 g/m³时，其最大爆炸压力可达到0.850 MPa，当粉尘浓度为300g/m3时，防黄剂粉尘的爆炸指数Kst最大，Kmax达到43.11MPa·m/s，其爆炸烈度等级为st3等级，爆炸特征为严重。

（4）K₂CO₃、NH₄H₂PO₄和NaHCO₃三种抑爆材料均能有效地抑制防黄剂粉尘的爆炸，其抑爆效果： NaHCO₃ ＞NH₄H₂PO₄＞K₂CO₃。K₂CO₃、NH₄H₂PO₄和NaHCO₃能完全抑爆时的添加比例分别为70%、60%和50%。采取氮气+粉尘协同抑爆要比单独抑爆方式效果更加显著，在工业生产过程中宜采取此种抑爆方式。

本文所得数据和结论能为预防防黄剂粉尘燃爆提供一定的理论指导，对防黄剂生产加工企业的安全生产具有重要参考意义。

The explosive power of combustible dust is large and destructive, and the process is difficult to control, which poses a great threat to the safe production of dust processing enterprises and the safety of people's life and property.  Therefore, the prevention and control work of combustible dust explosion accidents has been paid attention to by safety workers, and the prevention and control work of dust explosion has never stopped. Yellow inhibitor HN-150 dust in the process of production and processing including reaction synthesis, centrifugal separation, vacuum drying, crushing, sieving, finished product packaging process, the combustible dust cloud formed in the process, there is the possibility of burning explosion, but the current domestic research on yellow remover dust combustion characteristics of the explosion is still relatively small.There is lack of theoretical support in explosion-proof control of yellow inhibitor dust.

In this paper, the physical and chemical properties of yellow inhibitor dust were analyzed, including particle size analysis and pyrolysis performance analysis.Then, using Godbert-Greenwald (G-G) heating furnace, the combustion characteristics of yellow inhibitor dust samples were tested. The influence of dust cloud mass concentration, dust particle size and dust spraying pressure on the lowest ignition temperature of dust cloud was analyzed, and the combustion characteristics of yellow inhibitor dust cloud were revealed.  Finally, 20L explosive ball experiment system was used to test the explosive characteristics of yellow inhibitor dust and K₂CO₃, NH₄H₂PO₄ and NaHCO₃, and explore the synergistic explosive suppression effect of inert gas and inert material, revealing the explosive characteristics and inert explosive suppression effect of yellow inhibitor dust. The experimental results show that: 

(1) There are four obvious weight loss stages in the pyrolysis of yellow agent dust at the four heating rates. The weight loss rate of the latter two stages is larger than that of the first two stages, and with the increase of crucible temperature, the temperature difference before and after the weight loss stage is smaller, indicating that the weight loss stage of pyrolysis reaction is gradually continuous with the increase of temperature.  As the heating rate increases, the peak weight loss rate of the curve increases, the initial extrapolation temperature of the curve decreases, the absolute value of the maximum weight loss rate Vmax increases, and the pyrolysis is more complete at the heating rate.  The reason why exothermic peaks appeared at the beginning of DSC curves with the heating rate of 15K/min and 20K/min was that gas adsorption appeared at the initial stage of pyrolysis reaction with the increase of the heating rate.  The smaller the mass charge ratio is, the larger the peak value of ion flow intensity curve is, and the gas product yield reaches the maximum at the end of the first weight loss stage, and again reaches the peak at the end of the third weight loss stage.  CH₄, CO, CH₂O, N₂O, CO₂, NO₂, C₂H₇N and H₂O were precipitated during the pyrolysis process at a temperature rise rate of 10K/min. 

(2) The minimum ignition temperature of yellow agent dust cloud decreases with the increase of yellow inhibitor dust concentration. When the dust concentration continues to increase to a certain concentration, the minimum ignition temperature of yellow inhibitor dust cloud no longer decreases, and is stable at 270℃. The flame sensitive concentration of yellow inhibitor particles in the range of 60 mesh particle size is 2096g/m³.  The ignition sensitive concentration of yellow inhibitor dust in the range of 160 mesh and 200 mesh particle size is 1198g/m³.  When the dust concentration is small, the lowest ignition temperature is higher. When the dust concentration is lower than 150 g/m³, no matter how big the dust pressure is, the yellow agent dust will not ignite.  Yellow remover the minimum ignition temperature of dust, with the increase of dust injection pressure in the three different kinds of phenomena, the first is a diameter of 60 mesh and 160 mesh yellow inhibitor dust when the concentration of 299 g/m³, minimum ignition temperature of dust presents obvious trend of increased with increment of dust spray pressure, but size is 200 mesh, appeared to reduce after rising trend;  The second is that when the dust concentration continues to increase, the minimum ignition temperature of yellow inhibitor dust shows a trend of first increasing and then gradually stable with the increase of dust spraying pressure;  The third phenomenon is that when the dust concentration continues to increase, the minimum ignition temperature of yellow inhibitor dust will not change with the increase of dust spraying pressure;  The smaller the particle size of yellow inhibitor dust is, the lower the minimum ignition temperature of dust cloud is, the easier it is to catch fire and the more dangerous it is.

(3) Under the conditions of initial ignition energy of 2kJ and ignition delay time of 60 ms, the lower limit of dust cloud explosion of yellow inhibitor with particle size of 200 mesh is:  The maximum explosive pressure of dust cloud increases first and then decreases with the increase of dust cloud concentration of yellow agent from 70 to 80 g/m³. When the mass concentration of yellow agent dust reaches the most dangerous degree of 350 g/m³, the maximum explosive pressure can reach 0.850 MPa. When the dust concentration is 300g/m³,  The explosive index (K_st) of yellow inhibitor dust was the largest, and Kmax reached 43.11MPa·m/s. The explosive intensity grade was ST3, and the explosive characteristic was serious.  The lowest oxygen levels are 15 per cent, below which the explosion will not occur. 

(4) K₂CO₃, NH₄H₂PO₄ and NaHCO₃ can effectively suppress the explosion of yellow inhibitor dust, and the explosive suppression effect is NaHCO₃ > NH₄H₂PO₄ > K₂CO₃. When K₂CO₃, NH₄H₂PO₄ and NaHCO₃ can completely inhibit detonation, the addition proportion of K₂CO₃, NH₄H₂PO₄ and NaHCO₃ are 70%, 60% and 50%, respectively.The effect of nitrogen + dust coordinated explosion suppression is more significant than that of single explosion suppression, and this kind of explosion suppression method should be adopted in industrial production process. 

The data and conclusions obtained in this paper can provide some theoretical guidance for the prevention of yellow inhibitor dust explosion, and have important reference significance for the safety production of yellow inhibitor production and processing enterprises.

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