陕蒙接壤地区赋存侏罗系砂岩含水层具有渗透系数大、富水性强、孔隙水压大等典型水文地质特征，深埋厚煤层开采过程中采动应力场与能量集聚释放规律变化显著，易诱发动力灾害，给深埋富水工作面安全生产带来较大难题。本文以陕蒙接壤地区巴彦高勒煤矿3-1煤层开采为研究背景，通过现场实测、理论分析、物理模拟与数值仿真相结合方法，研究了超前疏水条件下煤层顶板静态应力演化规律，分析了深埋大采高工作面关键层破断动载响应特征，揭示了超前疏水条件下大采高工作面采动应力场叠加效应， 主要研究结果如下：

（1）巴彦高勒煤矿3-1煤层平均埋深660m，距离煤层顶板46m的中粒砂岩为主关键层，3-1煤层开采直接充水含水层为延安组顶部及直罗组中下部中粗砂岩孔隙裂隙含水层组，砂岩孔隙水压大，富水性较强，为工作面超前疏放水的重点含水层。受含水层内部富水性不均影响，各钻孔总疏放量存在明显差异，基于钻孔涌水量及地下水动力学参数，计算得出顶板含水层疏水影响范围。

（2）根据基岩含水层疏放及承载性能弱化原理，建立了顶板疏水应力转移、传递力学模型，给出了超前疏水条件下煤层顶板应力分布函数。顶板承压含水层疏放程度、厚度、岩层强度与煤层顶板应力集中程度呈正相关，承压含水层赋存高度与煤层顶板应力集中程度呈负相关，且承压含水层疏放程度影响作用最为明显。

（3）采用物理相似材料模拟实验方法，研究了深埋厚煤层大采高工作面覆岩破坏与采动应力演化规律，工作面基本顶初次来压步距为96m，周期来压步距平均为29.8m，在第六次周期来压时（236m）关键层结构失稳破断，造成工作面剧烈的矿压显现，工作面支架工作阻力达到最大，动载系数1.63。当关键层破断时内部积聚的弹性能将瞬时释放，事件能量和频次占总比的18.7%和22.3%，微震事件具有“高能量多频次”特征。

（4）工作面顶板超前疏水完成后，疏水区两侧岩层集中应力向下方煤层顶板传递，超前疏水条件下大采高工作面走向应力为煤岩层自重应力、疏水转移应力及采动支承压力的叠加。结合关键层理论，建立非充分采动阶段工作面走向支承压力估算模型，给出了应力叠加极值时工作面前方煤体应力的分布函数。随工作面回采，超前支承压力前移与疏水转移应力叠加增强，煤层顶板应力分布形态呈现由“双峰”到“单峰”再到“双峰”的演化规律。

（5）深埋富水工作面含水层疏水区岩层承载性能弱化使得其覆岩载荷向两侧传递，当工作面回采至增压区时，支承压力与疏水转移应力叠加先耦合增强后减弱，当采动疏水应力叠加形成高静载，与关键层破断形成的动载扰动叠加达到临界时，易诱发复合动力灾害。提出了顶板承压含水层调控、疏水应力集中区卸压及覆岩坚硬顶板弱化的“降静弱动”分源一体化协同防治措施，为深埋富水大采高工作面的安全开采提供一定指导。

The Jurassic sandstone aquifer in the border area of Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia has typical hydrogeological characteristics such as large permeability coefficient, strong water abundance and large pore water pressure. During the mining process of deep buried thick coal seam, the mining stress field and energy concentration and release law change significantly, which is easy to induce dynamic disasters and bring great difficulties to the safe production of deep buried water-rich working face. In this paper, the mining of 3-1 coal seam in Bayangaole Coal Mine in the border area of Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia is taken as the research background. Through the combination of field measurement, theoretical analysis, physical simulation and numerical simulation, the static stress evolution law of coal seam roof under the condition of advanced drainage is studied. The dynamic load response characteristics of key strata in deep and large mining height working face are analyzed, and the superposition effect of mining stress field in large mining height working face under the condition of advanced drainage is revealed. The main research results are as follows :

(1) The average buried depth of 3-1 coal seam in Bayangaole Coal Mine is 660 m, and the medium-grained sandstone is the main key stratum 46 m away from the roof of the coal seam. The direct water-filled aquifer of 3-1 coal seam mining is the top of Yan 'an Formation and the middle and lower part of Zhiluo Formation. The medium-coarse sandstone pore fissure aquifer group has large pore water pressure and strong water-richness, which is the key aquifer for advanced water drainage in the working face. Due to the uneven water-richness inside the aquifer, there are obvious differences in the total drainage volume of each borehole. Based on the borehole water inflow and groundwater dynamic parameters, the hydrophobic influence range of the roof aquifer is calculated.

 (2) According to the principle of bedrock aquifer drainage and bearing capacity weakening, the mechanical model of roof drainage stress transfer and transfer is established, and the stress distribution function of coal seam roof under the condition of advanced drainage is given. The drainage degree, thickness and rock strength of roof confined aquifer are positively correlated with the stress concentration degree of coal seam roof. The occurrence height of confined aquifer is negatively correlated with the stress concentration degree of coal seam roof, and the drainage degree of confined aquifer has the most obvious influence.

(3) The physical similar material simulation experiment method is used to study the overburden failure and mining stress evolution law of large mining height working face in deep buried thick coal seam. The first weighting step of the main roof of the working face is 96 m, and the average periodic weighting step is 29.8 m. During the sixth periodic weighting ( 236 m ), the key stratum structure is unstable and broken, resulting in severe mine pressure on the working face. The working resistance of the working face support reaches the maximum, and the dynamic load coefficient is 1.63. When the key layer is broken, the elastic energy accumulated inside will be released instantaneously. The energy and frequency of the event account for 18.7 % and 22.3 % of the total ratio, and the microseismic event has the characteristics of ' high energy and multi frequency '.

(4) After the advance drainage of the working face roof is completed, the concentrated stress of the rock strata on both sides of the drainage area is transmitted to the lower coal seam roof. Under the condition of advance drainage, the strike stress of the large mining height working face is the superposition of the self-weight stress of the coal rock strata, the drainage transfer stress and the mining abutment pressure. Combined with the key stratum theory, the estimation model of abutment pressure along the strike of working face in the stage of insufficient mining is established, and the distribution function of coal body stress in front of working face when the stress superposition extremum is given. With the mining of the working face, the superposition of the advance abutment pressure and the hydrophobic transfer stress is enhanced, and the stress distribution pattern of the coal seam roof presents the evolution law from ' double peak ' to ' single peak ' and then to ' double peak '.

(5) The weakening of the bearing capacity of the strata in the aquifer hydrophobic area of the deep-buried water-rich working face makes the overburden load transfer to both sides. When the working face is mined to the supercharged area, the superposition of the abutment pressure and the hydrophobic transfer stress first increases and then decreases. When the superposition of the mining-induced hydrophobic stress forms a high static load, and the superposition of the dynamic load disturbance formed by the fracture of the key stratum reaches a critical value, it is easy to induce a composite dynamic disaster. The integrated prevention and control measures of " static reduction and weak movement " are put forward, which include the regulation of roof confined aquifer, the pressure relief of hydrophobic stress concentration area and the weakening of hard roof of overburden rock, so as to provide some guidance for the safe mining of deep buried water-rich large mining height working face.

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