湿法生产腈纶过程产生的化纤废水含有大量的丙烯腈单体的高聚物、低聚物或混合物，难以生物降解，而且具有很强的粘连性，长时间运行时易包裹在厌氧池和好氧池的软性填料上，使生物膜遭受破坏；废水中含有醛类、氰类、苯类等有毒物质，易对微生物产生毒害作用，因此，对化纤废水进行前期的预处理，改善其水质状况，提高废水的可生化性，对于提高化纤废水的处理效果，达标排放具有现实的指导意义。 实验以实验室模拟水样即化纤配水和取自吉林某化纤厂的实际排水即化纤原水为处理对象，选用聚合氯化铝、聚合氯化铁、聚合硫酸铝和聚合硫酸铁作为混凝剂、聚丙烯酰胺、氧化镁、硫酸镁、硝酸银为助凝剂，高锰酸钾、高铁酸钾、新生态铁、铁碳微电解为预氧化剂，对水样进行了混凝、助凝+混凝、预氧化+混凝及助凝+预氧化+混凝的混凝及强化混凝处理效果实验，探讨了各种处理方式对水样中COD及浊度的去除效果及影响去除的影响因素。实验证明不论混凝还是强化混凝处理，对化纤配水的COD和浊度均有较好的去除效果，对化纤原水的去除效果略差。 单独采用混凝法对水样进行处理，通过实验证明四种混凝剂对COD和浊度去除均有一定效果。但处理配水时以聚合硫酸铝为混凝剂的去除效果最好，确定出最佳反应条件为聚合硫酸铝投加量20mg/L，反应pH=6，快速搅拌30s、中速搅拌3min、慢速搅拌5min、再静置10min。出水浊度去除率为78%，COD去除率为82%。处理化纤原水时以聚合氯化铝为混凝剂的处理效果最好，聚合氯化铝70mg/L，pH=9，快速搅拌30s，中速搅拌3min，慢速搅拌5min，再静置10min。出水的浊度去除率为34%，COD去除率为15%。 采用助凝剂强化混凝法对水样进行处理，通过实验证明四种助凝剂与混凝剂联用对COD和浊度去除均有一定效果。但处理配水时以硝酸银为助凝剂、聚合硫酸铁为混凝剂的去除效果最好，最佳反应条件为硝酸银的投加量为25mg/L，聚合硫酸铁投加量为50mg/L，反应pH=4，快速搅拌30s，中速搅拌3min，慢速搅拌5min，再静置10min。出水浊度去除率为18%，COD去除率为95%。而处理化纤原水时以氧化镁为助凝剂、聚合硫酸铁为混凝剂的去除效果最好，最佳处理条件为氧化镁10mg/L，聚合硫酸铁50mg/L，pH=4，快速搅拌30s，中速搅拌3min，慢速搅拌5min，再静置10min。出水浊度去除率为85%，COD去除率为30%。 采用预氧化强化混凝法对水样进行处理，通过实验证明四种预氧化法与混凝剂联用对COD和浊度去除均有一定效果。但以铁碳微电解预氧化、聚合氯化铁为混凝剂的去除效果最好，通过正交试验，最佳反应条件为铁碳微电解pH=3，海绵铁和活性炭投加量均为5g/L，聚丙烯酰胺投加量25mg/L，反应20min，混凝pH=9，聚合氯化铁投加量50mg/L，快速搅拌40s，中速搅拌4min，慢速搅拌6min，再静置15min。经过实验，COD去除率为98.36%。而对于原水的最佳处理条件相同，出水浊度去除率为21.26%，COD去除率为38.23%。 通过强化混凝化纤配水与化纤原水水质均有一定程度的改善，COD、浊度降低，可生化性升高。但化纤原水的处理效果较化纤配水略差，这是由于化纤原水电位高，更为稳定，不易处理。从分子量可以看出，化纤原水小分子略多、分散更为均匀，不易被破坏。因此，采用强化混凝只可以改善生化比，改变胶体的性质提高其可生化性，完全的达标处理还需要进一步的生化处理。

Wastewater comes from wet process producing acrylic fiber contains large amounts of polymer,oligomer or mixture of acrylonitrile monomer,which is hardly biodegradable and has strong adhesion,so it is easy to be wrapped in soft filler in anaerobic and aerobic tank after long time running and destroy the biofilm.Wastewater containing aldehydes,cyanide,benzene and other toxic substances is easy to produce toxic effects on microorganisms,therefore,the chemical pretreatment of wastewater, improving water quality and improving the biodegradability of wastewater have practical significance on chemical treatment effect and meeting wastewater discharge standards. Laboratory simulation water or chemical fiber wastewater and practical wastewater from a chemical plant in Jilin or chemical fiber raw water were treated as the experimental subjects. PAC,polymeric ferric chloride,aluminum sulfate and ferric sulfate were chosed as coagulant,polyacrylamide,magnesium oxide,magnesium sulfate,silver nitrate were treated as coagulant aids, potassium permanganate,potassium ferrate,a new eco-iron,iron-carbon microelectrolysis pre-oxidants were as preoxidation reagents.Samples were treated by coagulate,coagulate+coagulation aid,pre-oxidation+coagulate,coagulation aid+pre-oxidation+coagulate and enhanced coagulation,and they explored various treatment mehtods and their effects on the removal of COD in water samples and turbidity removal.Experiments shows that coagulation and enhanced coagulation treatment both have good results on removal efficiency for chemical fiber wastewater COD and turbidity,which is worse for chemical raw water. The results shows four kinds of coagulant aids and coagulants have certain effect on removing COD and turbidity by using coagulant only coagulation process to deal with samples..But when handling water distribution polymerization aluminium sulfate as coagulant , the best reaction conditions is the polymerization of aluminum sulfate 20 mg/L, reaction pH = 6, 30 s, and medium speed fast stirring 3 min, slowly mixing 5 min, then stand for 10 min.Effluent turbidity removal rate is 78%, the COD removal rate is 82%. The treatment effect is best when handling chemical fibber raw water with polyaluminium chloride as coagulant,and add polyaluminium chloride 70 mg/L,keep pH = 9, fast mixing 30 s, medium-speed stirring 3 min, slowly mixing 5 min, and then stand for 10 min.The water turbidity removal rate is 34% and COD removal rate is 15%. The results shows four kinds of coagulant aids and coagulants have certain effect on removing COD and turbidity by using coagulant aids together enhanced coagulation process to deal with samples. But the effect is best when handling water distribution with silver nitrate as coagulant aid and polymeric ferric sulfate as coagulant removal effect, the optimal reaction condition is silver nitrate dosing quantity 25 mg/L, polymeric ferric sulfate dosing quantity 50 mg/L, reaction pH = 4 and fast mixing 30 s, medium-speed stirring 3 min, slowly mixing 5 min, and then standing for 10 min.Effluent turbidity removal rate is 18%, the COD removal rate is 95%.And the removal effect is best when handling chemical fibber raw water with magnesium oxide as the coagulant aid and polymeric ferric sulfate as the coagulant, the best processing condition is magnesium oxide 10 mg/L, polymeric ferric sulfate 50 mg/L, pH = 4, and fast mixing 30 s, medium-speed stirring 3 min, slowly mixing 5 min, and then standing for 10 min.Effluent turbidity removal rate is 85%, the COD removal rate is 30%. The results shows four kinds of coagulant aids and coagulants together have effect on removing COD and turbidity by using preoxidation strengthening coagulation method to deal with samples.But the removal effect is best when iron carbon micro electrolysis oxidized and polymerization ferric chloride as the coagulant, the optimum reaction condition through orthogonal test is iron carbon micro electrolysis pH = 3, sponge iron and activated carbon additive quantity 5 g/L, PAM dosing quantity 25 mg/Land 20 min reaction time, coagulation pH = 9, polymeric ferric chloride dosing quantity 50 mg/L, fast mixing 40 s, medium-speed stirring 4 min, slowly mixing 6 min, and then stand for 15 min.Through experiments, COD removal rate is 98.36%. The optimum processing conditions are the same for raw wate. Water turbidity removal rate is 21.26% and the COD removal rate is 38.23%. Quality both of chemical fiber wastewater and chemical fiber raw water treated by enhanced coagulation improved to some extent.COD and turbidity decreased and biodegradability increased. However, the effect in fiber raw water is not as good as in the chemical fiber water, because of high potential and strong stability in the chemical fiber water and it is more stable and not easy to treat.It can be seen from the molecular weight.Chemical fiber raw water have more small molecules and they are more evenly dispersed, and they are not easy to be damaged. So enhanced coagulation just can improve the biochemical ratio,change the nature of colloids and improve its biodegradability, In order to make the water quality meet standard completely, the further biological treatment is necessary.