随着科技的进步，煤矿开采技术得到了极大的提高，瓦斯事故大幅下降，然而在矿井开采中，瓦斯超限仍有发生，向特定高浓度瓦斯区喷淋表面活性剂可有效降低煤矿工作面局部瓦斯浓度。为获得多因素影响喷淋复配表面活性剂溶液对煤体瓦斯解吸作用规律，本文通过理论分析、实验室实验和现场试验相结合的方式，根据对煤体润湿性影响大小优选了表面活性剂复配方案，结合煤矿井下瓦斯浓度影响因素，分析了通风条件下不同平衡压力、雾化压力和煤体粒径等因素对复配表面活性剂喷淋时抑制瓦斯解吸的作用规律和效果，并基于最终优化方案在煤矿工作面开展了现场工业性试验，为煤矿井下应用复配表面活性剂溶液抑制瓦斯解吸方案的制定提供了科学依据，主要研究结论如下：

     （1）质量分数0.40 %的非离子表面活性剂APG和JFC复配溶液对煤体润湿性影响程度最大，其表面张力为28.10 mN·m^-1，煤粉沉降时间为12.31 s。

     （2）含瓦斯煤体喷淋复配表面活性剂后，实验箱体内各测点处瓦斯平均浓度变化规律为P₂>P₁>P₃>P₄>P₅；瓦斯浓度峰值与平衡压力呈正相关关系，但增大幅度随平衡压力增大逐渐减小；对比水溶液喷淋，复配表面活性剂喷淋时各测点瓦斯浓度峰值随平衡压力增大均有不同程度降幅，降幅最大为平衡压力处于0.10~0.13 MPa时，且复配表面活性剂抑制瓦斯解吸效果强于水溶液。

    （3）含瓦斯煤体喷淋复配表面活性剂后，瓦斯浓度峰值与雾化压力呈负相关关系，随雾化压力增大，表面活性剂抑制效率逐渐增大，当雾化压力达到2.0 MPa时，其抑制瓦斯效率达到最大。

    （4）含瓦斯煤体喷淋复配表面活性剂后，瓦斯浓度峰值与煤体粒径呈负相关关系，粒径越大，瓦斯浓度越低，但衰减速度随粒径增大呈快速降低-缓慢降低-快速降低的趋势。对比水溶液喷淋，复配表面活性剂喷淋条件下，各测点瓦斯浓度峰值随煤体粒径增加均有不同程度降幅，降幅最大为煤体粒径介于20.00~30.00 mm之间。

    （5）通过现场工业性试验，对比无喷淋掘进、在纯水喷淋与复配表面活性剂喷淋后工作面平均瓦斯浓度均出现下降趋势。喷淋纯水后，工作面内瓦斯浓度峰值下降0.14 %，平均浓度下降0.11 %。喷淋复配表面活性剂溶液比喷淋纯水时，工作面内瓦斯浓度峰值下降0.03 %，平均浓度下降0.029 %，表面活性剂抑制瓦斯解吸效率提高22.31 %。

       论文以优选出的复配表面活性剂溶液，通过实验室自主研发的多因素影响表面活性剂喷淋装置，研究了多因素影响复配表面活性剂溶液喷淋煤体瓦斯解吸作用规律，结合现场工业性试验复配表面活性剂喷淋后工作面平均瓦斯浓度变化趋势，得到多因素影响下复配表面活性剂喷淋对煤体润湿及解吸的影响规律，研究结论可为采取表面活性剂溶液治理瓦斯超限的工程应用提供有益借鉴。

    With the progress of technology, coal mining technology has been greatly improved, and gas accidents have decreased significantly. However, in coal mining, gas overrun still occurs. Spraying surfactant to specific high concentration gas area can effectively reduce local gas concentration in coal mining face. In order to obtain the law of gas desorption of coal body affected by multi-factor spraying compound surfactant solution, this paper optimized the surfactant compound scheme according to the influence on the wettability of coal body by combining theoretical analysis, laboratory experiment and field experiment. Combined with the influencing factors of gas concentration in coal mine, the effect law and effect of different equilibrium pressure, atomization pressure and coal particle size on inhibiting gas desorption of compound surfactant spraying under ventilation conditions were analyzed. Based on the final optimization scheme, the field industrial test was carried out in coal mine working face. It provides a scientific basis for the formulation of gas desorption inhibition scheme using compound surfactant solution in coal mine. The main conclusions are as follows:
    (1) The mixture of 0.40 % nonionic surfactant APG and JFC has the greatest influence on the wettability of coal, the surface tension is 28.10 mN·m-1 and the settling time of pulverized coal is 12.31 s. 
    (2) After the compound surfactant was sprayed on the gas-containing coal, the variation law of the average gas concentration at each measuring point in the experimental box was P2>P1>P3>P4>P5. The peak gas concentration is positively correlated with the equilibrium pressure, but the increase amplitude decreases with the increase of equilibrium pressure. Compared with aqueous solution spraying, the peak value of gas concentration at each measuring point decreased with the increase of equilibrium pressure. The maximum decrease was when the equilibrium pressure was 0.10~0.13 MPa, and the effect of compound surfactant on inhibiting gas desorption was stronger than that of aqueous solution.
    (3) The peak value of gas concentration is negatively correlated with atomization pressure after spraying compound surfactants in gas-bearing coal. With the increase of atomization pressure, the inhibition efficiency of surfactants increases gradually. When the atomization pressure reaches 2.0 MPa, the inhibition efficiency of surfactants reaches the maximum.
   (4) The peak value of gas concentration was negatively correlated with the particle size of coal after spraying compound surfactants. The larger the particle size, the lower the gas concentration, but the attenuation rate decreased rapidly-slowly-rapidly with the increase of particle size. Compared with aqueous solution spraying, under the condition of compound surfactant spraying, the peak value of gas concentration at each measuring point decreases to varying degrees with the increase of coal particle size, and the maximum decrease is that the coal particle size is between 20.00 mm and 30.00 mm.
   (5) Through the field industrial test, the average gas concentration in the working face shows a downward trend compared with that in the non-spray tunneling, and after pure water spraying and compound surfactant spraying. After spraying pure water, the peak value of gas concentration in the working face decreased by 0.14 %, and the average concentration decreased by 0.11 %. Compared with spraying pure water, the peak value of gas concentration in the working face decreases by 0.03 %, and the average concentration decreases by 0.029 %. The efficiency of inhibiting gas desorption by surfactant increases by 22.31 %.
   In this paper, based on the optimized compound surfactant, through the independent research and development of multi-factor surfactant spraying device in the laboratory, the law of multi-factor influence on the gas desorption of compound surfactant solution spraying coal is studied. Combined with the change trend of average gas concentration in the working face after compound surfactant spraying in the field industrial test, the influence law of compound surfactant spraying on coal wetting and desorption under the influence of multi-factor is obtained. The research conclusion can provide useful reference for the engineering application of surfactant solution to control gas overrun.

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