大面积采空区面积广、漏风规律复杂，其内部瓦斯-空气混合气体受到外部微作用力影响可形成复杂的运移特征。本文以采空区气体运移理论为基础，通过现场观测、数值模拟的方法分析大气压力和周边采掘活动对大面积采空区气体运移的影响，由此建立气体运移控制方法并进行现场应用。

      通过多孔介质理论，研究大面积采空区空隙特征，分析冒落带和裂隙煤体区域的渗透率分布，由此建立以O₂、CH₄、CO为主的大面积采空区气体运移模型。理论分析大气压力变化和周边采掘活动两个主要因素对大面积采空区气体运移的影响机理。

      研究大气压力变化对大面积采空区气体运移的影响，测定鲍店煤矿五采区封闭大面积采空区周边压能分布，确定漏风源与漏风汇。测定一年四季不同时期下漏风源与漏风汇密闭内外压差、涌出气体以及大气压力的相关性，分析大气压力与气体运移的通风能量关系。数值模拟大面积采空区气体运移特征：大气压力降低，漏风源附近低压显现，漏风汇附近高压区气体向低压区运移，出现短暂“回流”；减小漏风源与漏风汇之间压差，氧气渗流范围明显缩小。

      研究周边采掘活动对大面积采空区气体运移的影响，利用SF₆示踪气体法测定水帘洞煤矿大巷煤柱（北）综放面周边大面积采空区漏风通道。数值模拟工作面初采期间和回采期间其周边大面积采空区O₂、CH₄、CO渗流场，现场观测采掘活动影响下大面积采空区气体分布变化特征，并确定大面积采空区煤自燃危险区域。

      建立监测预警和堵漏降氧为主的大面积采空区气体运移控制方法，包括设立气体监测与预警系统、柔性与刚性结合加固密闭墙、水玻璃凝胶逐孔充填堵漏风、封闭式氮气惰化平衡。对水帘洞煤矿大巷煤柱（北）综放面周边大面积采空区进行现场应用，有效控制了大面积采空区漏风，减小O2和CO浓度，保障工作面安全回采。

The large-area goaf has a wide area and complex air leakage law. The internal gas air mixture can form complex migration characteristics under the influence of external micro forces. Based on the theory of gas migration in goaf, this paper analyzes the influence of atmospheric pressure and surrounding mining activities on gas migration in large-area goaf through on-site observation and numerical simulation, so as to establish the control method of gas migration and carry out on-site application.

Based on the porous media theory, the void characteristics of large-area goaf are studied, and the permeability distribution of caving zone and fractured coal body is analyzed. Therefore, the gas migration model of large-area goaf dominated by O₂, CH₄ and CO is established. The influence mechanism of surface atmospheric pressure change and surrounding mining activities on gas migration in large-area goaf is analyzed theoretically.

Study the influence of atmospheric pressure change on gas migration in large-area goaf, measure the pressure energy distribution around the closed large-area goaf in the fifth mining area of Baodian coal mine, and determine the air leakage source and air leakage sink. Determine the correlation between the internal and external pressure difference, gas emission and atmospheric pressure of air leakage source and air leakage sink in different periods of the year, and analyze the relationship between atmospheric pressure and ventilation energy of gas migration. Numerical simulation of gas migration characteristics in large-area goaf: the atmospheric pressure decreases, the low pressure near the air leakage source appears, and the gas in the high-pressure area near the air leakage sink migrates to the low-pressure area, resulting in a short "backflow"; Reduce the pressure difference between the air leakage source and the air leakage sink, and the oxygen seepage range is significantly reduced.

The influence of surrounding mining activities on gas migration in large-area goaf is studied, and the air leakage channel of large-area goaf around main roadway pillar (North) fully mechanized top coal caving face in shuiliangdong coal mine is measured by SF₆ tracer gas method. The seepage fields of O₂, CH₄ and CO in the surrounding large-area goaf during the initial mining and mining of the working face are numerically simulated, the gas distribution and change characteristics of the large-area goaf under the influence of mining activities are observed on site, and the dangerous area of coal spontaneous combustion in the large-area goaf is determined.

The control methods for gas migration in large area goaf, including monitoring and early warning and plugging and oxygen reduction, are established, including gas monitoring and early warning system, flexible and rigid combination reinforced wall, water glass gel filling by hole, plugging air leakage and closed nitrogen inerting balance. The field application of the large-area goaf around the coal pillar (North) fully mechanized top coal caving face in shuiliangdong coal mine effectively controls the air leakage in the large-area goaf, reduces the concentration of O₂ and CO, and ensures the safe mining of the working face.

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