瓦斯抽采是矿井瓦斯防治的有效技术手段，钻孔封孔质量是提高瓦斯抽采效率的关键因素。钻孔施工后，受地应力和工程扰动的影响，孔周煤体应力重新分布，孔壁出现不同发育程度的裂隙网络，浆液通过充填、渗透等方式流动扩散至孔周煤体裂隙中进而达到密封钻孔的效果。因此，理清浆液在钻孔孔周煤体裂隙中的扩散规律对于提高封堵质量具有重要意义。本文采用理论分析、数值模拟及模型试验相结合的研究方法，深入研究钻孔孔周煤岩体裂隙扩展规律，模拟浆液在孔周裂隙中的扩散行为，揭示浆液在钻孔孔周煤体裂隙中的扩散规律及封堵机理，分析影响注浆效果的主要因素，对于强化钻孔注浆封堵效果、提高瓦斯抽采效率具有重要工程意义。本文的主要研究工作如下：

      (1) 根据钻孔孔周煤体应力分布特征，研究钻孔孔周煤体浆液扩散通道分布规律。结合现场实际情况，系统开展不同含水率含孔煤体渐进性破坏试验，分析孔周煤体变形破坏特征和裂纹发育规律，结合数字图像技术表征孔周煤体渐进性破坏过程，利用应变场灰度演化特征量化表征裂纹演化规律，得到浆液扩散通道的分布规律。

      (2) 根据钻孔孔周煤体裂纹发育规律建立注浆扩散通道分布模型，利用经典流体力学中的Navier-Stocks方程和Darcy定律推导浆液在孔周裂隙内的流动扩散方程，运用流量守恒理论构建钻孔孔周煤体注浆扩散模型。将模型嵌入至COMSOL Multiphysics软件中，模拟钻孔孔周煤岩体浆液渗透扩散过程，分析不同注浆参数条件下孔周煤体浆液扩散行为。

      (3) 根据钻孔孔周应力分布和裂隙演化规律，自主设计钻孔孔周煤体破碎-裂隙区域注浆试验平台，研究浆液在孔周不同应力分区下注浆压力、注浆量等注浆参数与对扩散半径的影响关系。结合浆液在裂隙中的流动扩散模型，分析多因素条件下浆液在孔周煤体不同应力分区中的扩散行为。

      (4) 在陕西某矿工作面采用水泥-水玻璃填充材料开展钻孔注浆封堵试验，应用钻孔窥视和SF₆示踪检测方法检验浆液在孔周煤体裂隙中的注浆封堵效果，采用自研封孔质量检测设备测量抽采钻孔内部不同位置处的瓦斯浓度变化，反映抽采钻孔封孔质量及浆液渗透扩散范围，验证前述研究得到的布孔参数和注浆参数的合理性。

      Gas extraction is an effective technical means for mine gas prevention and control, and the quality of borehole sealing is a key factor to improve the efficiency of gas extraction. After the drilling construction, due to the influence of in-situ stress and engineering disturbance, the stress of the coal body around the hole is redistributed, and the fracture network with different development degrees appears on the hole wall. The slurry flows and diffuses into the cracks of the coal body around the hole through filling and infiltration, so as to achieve the effect of sealing the borehole. Therefore, it is of great significance to clarify the diffusion law of slurry in the coal fracture around the borehole for improving the sealing quality. In this paper, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and model test are used to study the crack propagation law of coal and rock mass around boreholes, simulate the diffusion behavior of slurry in the cracks around boreholes, reveal the diffusion law and plugging mechanism of slurry in the cracks around boreholes, and analyze the main factors affecting the grouting effect. It is of great engineering significance to strengthen the plugging effect of borehole grouting and improve the efficiency of gas drainage. The main research work of this paper is as follows:

      (1) According to the stress distribution characteristics of the coal body around the borehole, the distribution law of the slurry diffusion channel around the borehole is studied. Combined with the actual situation in the field, the progressive failure test of coal body with different water content was carried out systematically, and the deformation and failure characteristics and crack development law of coal body around the hole were analyzed. Combined with digital image technology, the progressive failure process of coal body around the hole was characterized. The gray evolution characteristics of strain field were used to quantitatively characterize the crack evolution law, and the distribution law of slurry diffusion channel was obtained.

      (2) According to the development law of coal cracks around the borehole, the distribution model of grouting diffusion channel is established. The Navier-Stocks equation and Darcy 's law in classical fluid mechanics are used to derive the flow diffusion equation of slurry in the cracks around the borehole. The flow conservation theory is used to construct the grouting diffusion model of coal around the borehole. The model is embedded into COMSOL Multiphysics software to simulate the infiltration and diffusion process of coal and rock slurry around the borehole, and the diffusion behavior of coal slurry around the borehole under different grouting parameters is analyzed.

      (3) According to the stress distribution and fracture evolution law around the borehole, a grouting test platform for the fracture-fracture area of the coal body around the borehole was independently designed to study the influence of grouting parameters such as grouting pressure and grouting amount on the diffusion radius under different stress zones around the borehole. Combined with the flow diffusion equation of slurry in the fracture, the diffusion behavior of slurry in the fracture network of coal body around the hole under multi-factor conditions is analyzed.

      (4) The cement-water glass filling material was used to carry out the drilling grouting plugging test in the working face of a mine in Shaanxi Province. The drilling peeping and SF6 tracer detection methods were used to test the grouting plugging effect of the slurry in the cracks of the coal body around the hole. The self-developed sealing quality detection equipment was used to measure the gas concentration changes at different positions inside the extraction borehole, reflecting the sealing quality of the extraction borehole and the range of slurry penetration and diffusion, and verifying the rationality of the hole arrangement parameters and grouting parameters obtained in the previous study.

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