对马克思主义生态观的认识需要以马克思主义科学的世界观和方法论作指导，以马克思主义理论的整体性为基础。马克思主义生态理论提出，人类社会的发展离不开良好的生态环境，只有人与自然和谐共处才能实现共同进步。党的十八大也做出了把生态文明建设放在突出地位，纳入中国特色社会主义事业“五位一体”总布局的战略决策。西安作为西部大开发的重点城市，在高速发展的同时也伴随着越来越多的环境问题，传统的发展模式制约着社会与环境的可持续发展，生态文明建设大幅滞后于经济社会发展。为了子孙后代的健康成长，为了西安未来的现代化发展，建设美丽西安的历史任务需要当下行动。 本文从马克思主义生态理论出发，通过调查研究和文献整理，运用马克思主义生态理论分析了西安市生态环境建设过程中取得的成果和存在的问题，提出了建设美丽西安的方法和途径。研究表明，西安在生态文明建设方面取得的成果主要有：绿化工程，治污工程，节能减排，大气污染防治，自然保护区与生态园区建设。西安生态文明建设面临的问题有：环保设施薄弱，水土流失严重；河流污染严重，水资源依然短缺；土地利用效率低，耕地破坏严重；环境质量差，旅游区环境不理想。产生这些问题的主要原因是片面追求经济增长，粗放式经济发展模式，城市化进程超出环境承受能力，土地化肥农药过度使用，法律政策体系不健全，管理不到位。 本文对以上问题进行分析，对美丽西安建设提出以下对策：一是提升生态文明意识：树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然观念；改变领导干部考核指标体系；二是转变经济发展方式，调整产业结构：淘汰落后产能；大力鼓励研制和应用环保新技术；促进环保产业发展；三是加强制度保障：健全政策、法律；规范管理制度；加强管理执法力度。

Marxist concept of ecological awareness of the need to Marxist scientific world outlook and methodology as a guide to holistic Marxist theory is based.Marxist ecological theory, development of human society can not do without a good ecological environment,only between man and nature in harmony to achieve common progress.The 18th CPC National Congress also made the construction of ecological civilization in a prominent position to include the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics “Five in One” overall layout of strategic decisions. Xi'an as the key city of western development in time of rapid growth has been accompanied by a growing number of environmental problems,the traditional development mode restricts the sustainable development of society and the environment,ecological civilization significantly lags behind economic and social development. For future generations of healthy growth for the future modernization of Xi'an,Xi'an to build a beautiful historic task requires immediate action. From the Marxist ecological theory,through research and documentation,use of Marxist ecological theory to analyze the results of the ecological environment in Xi'an and acquired during the existence of the problem,ways and means to build a beautiful Xi'an. Studies have shown that the results of Xi'an made in the construction of ecological civilization are: greening projects,pollution control projects,energy conservation,air pollution control,nature reserves and ecological parks. Xi'an problem facing the construction of ecological civilization are: forestry facilities are inadequate,serious soil erosion; river pollution,water shortages still;low efficiency of land use,severe damage to arable land; poor quality of the environment,tourism environment is not ideal.These problems are mainly due to one-sided pursuit of economic growth,extensive mode of economic development,urbanization beyond the environmental carrying capacity,fertilizer and pesticide overuse of land, the legal system is not sound policy,management is not in place. In this paper,the above analysis of the problem,the construction of the beautiful Xi put forward the following measures: Firs,to raise awareness of ecological civilization: to establish respect for nature,in harmony with nature,nature protection concept;change leading cadres assessment index system;Second,the transformation of economic development,adjusting the industrial structure : the elimination of backward production capacity;strongly encourages the development and application of new environmental technologies;promote the environmental protection industry development; third is to strengthen the system security: sound policies,laws;standardized management system;to strengthen the management of law enforcement.