宁正矿区位于陇东地区东南部，侏罗系中统延安组是区内的含煤地层，主采8号煤层，煤层开采后，导水裂隙带已发育至洛河组含水层，以往资料表明，该含水层厚度较大，严重威胁矿井的安全生产。基于此，本文以沉积控水理论为基础，对矿区南部洛河组地层沉积环境、微观结构和不同层位沉积相特征进行研究，并建立洛河组富水性预测模型进行评价及分区。取得主要成果如下：

洛河组砂岩多以紫红、浅棕红色中粗粒砂岩为主，磨圆度主要为次棱状，分选适中。沉积结构以碎屑结构为主，岩石类型主要为长石石英砂岩和岩屑石英砂岩，填隙物主要为泥质杂基和方解石胶结物，平行层理和交错层理普遍发育，层面构造不明显。研究区以沙漠沉积体系为主，将沉积亚相划分为：旱谷亚相、砾漠亚相、复合沙丘亚相及丘间亚相。洛河组整体沉积环境以氧化—弱还原为主，地层指示陆相淡水环境，沉积期气候表现为先湿后干再湿、先温后冷再温的变化特征。

将研究区洛河组地层划分为4个级别的沉积旋回，分别为超大型旋回、大型旋回、中型旋回和小型旋回：洛河组整体划分为一个超大型沉积旋回，命名为SSC1；SSC1划分为三个大型沉积旋回LSC1、LSC2和LSC3；大型沉积旋回各划分为三个中型沉积旋回MSC1、MSC2和MSC3。其中LSC1以复合沙丘夹丘间亚相为主体，并伴随有旱谷河流沉积以及局部砾漠沉积；LSC2为干旱期沉积，发育大范围的复合沙丘沉积、旱谷沉积和少量砾漠沉积夹于沙丘沉积之中；LSC3气候向湿润方向转变，形成以复合沙丘沉积为主夹丘间的沉积体系。

洛河组含水层岩性及其组合特征对富水性控制显著，粒度较大的中粗砂岩在层段中的厚度越大，富水性越好；将砂岩孔隙类型划分为细微孔优势型（Ⅰ）、微小孔优势型（Ⅱ）和中大孔优势型（Ⅲ）三类，孔隙类型级别越大，富水性越好；复合沙丘亚相对富水性影响较为显著，对含水层富水性的影响具有积极作用，丘间亚相整体富水性较差，孔隙结构较复杂，不利于地下水的运移与富集。

沉积相和孔隙结构分别是洛河组富水性的宏观和微观表现，二者相互影响、相互制约，构成了一个有机整体，共同表征含水层富水性。引入AHP层次结构法评价洛河组富水性，其中富水性LSC2＞LSC1＞LSC3，整体在区内表现为中等~强。

Ningzheng mining area is located in the southeast of Longdong area, the middle Jurassic Yan'an Formation is the coal-bearing strata in the area, the main mining No. 8 coal seam, after the coal seam mining, the water diversion fracture zone has developed to the Luohe Formation aquifer, the past data show that the thickness of the aquifer is large, seriously threatening the safety of the mine. Based on the theory of sedimentary water control, this paper studies the sedimentary environment, microstructure and sedimentary facies characteristics of different horizons of the Luohe Formation in the southern part of the mining area, and establishes a prediction model for the water-richness of the Luohe Formation for evaluation and zoning. The main results are as follows:

The sandstone of Luohe Formation is mainly purple-red, light brown-red medium-coarse-grained sandstone, and the roundness is mainly sub-prismatic, and the sorting is moderate. The sedimentary structure is mainly clastic structure, the rock types are mainly feldspar quartz sandstone and lithic quartz sandstone, the gap filler is mainly argillaceous heterogeneous and calcite cement, parallel bedding and cross-bedding are generally developed, and the layer structure is not obvious. The sedimentary subfacies in the study area is mainly desert sedimentary system, and the sedimentary subfacies are divided into: dry valley subfacies, gravel desert subfacies, composite dune subfacies and intermound subfacies. The overall sedimentary environment of the Luohe Formation is dominated by oxidation-weak reduction, and the stratigraphy indicates the continental freshwater environment, and the climate during the sedimentary period is characterized by the change characteristics of first wet, then dry and then wet, first warm and then cold and then warm.

The strata of the Luohe Formation in the study area are divided into four levels of sedimentary cycles, namely super-large cycles, large cycles, medium-sized cycles and small cycles: the Luohe Formation is divided into a super-large sedimentary cycle and named SSC1; SSC1 is divided into three large sedimentary cycles, LSC1, LSC2 and LSC3. The large cycles are divided into three medium-sized sedimentary cycles, MSC1, MSC2 and MSC3. Among them, LSC1 is dominated by composite dune and inter-mound subfacies, accompanied by wadi fluvial sediments and local gravel desert sediments. LSC2 is a arid sediment, which develops a wide range of composite dune sediments, wadi sediments and a small amount of gravel desert sediments sandwiched between sand dune sediments. The climate of LSC3 changed to a humid direction, forming a sedimentary system dominated by composite dune sediments.

The lithology and assemblage characteristics of the aquifer in the Luohe Formation have significant control over the water richness, and the greater the thickness of the medium and coarse sandstone with larger grain size in the interval, the better the water richness. The pore types of sandstone were divided into three types: microporous dominant type (I.), microporous dominant type (II.) and medium-large porous dominant type (III.), and the larger the pore type level, the better the water richness. The relative water richness of the composite dune subfacies is significant, which has a positive effect on the water richness of the aquifer, and the overall water richness of the interhilan subfacies is poor, and the pore structure is complex, which is not conducive to the migration and enrichment of groundwater.

The sedimentary facies and pore structure are the macroscopic and microscopic manifestations of the water-richness of the Luohe Formation, respectively, and they influence and restrict each other to form an organic whole, which jointly characterizes the water-richness of the aquifer. The AHP hierarchical structure method was introduced to evaluate the water richness of the Luohe Formation, in which the water-rich LSC2> LSC1> LSC3 were moderately ~ strong in the region.

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