论文中文题名: |
铁掺杂碳点的制备及其光还原CO2过程的强化研究
|
姓名: |
李博妮
|
学号: |
19213211026
|
保密级别: |
保密(1年后开放)
|
论文语种: |
chi
|
学科代码: |
085216
|
学科名称: |
工学 - 工程 - 化学工程
|
学生类型: |
硕士
|
学位级别: |
工程硕士
|
学位年度: |
2022
|
培养单位: |
西安科技大学
|
院系: |
化学与化工学院
|
专业: |
化学工程
|
研究方向: |
催化转化新技术
|
第一导师姓名: |
党永强
|
第一导师单位: |
西安科技大学
|
论文提交日期: |
2022-06-25
|
论文答辩日期: |
2022-06-05
|
论文外文题名: |
Preparation of iron doped carbon dots and their enhancement to the process of photoreduction of CO2
|
论文中文关键词: |
碳点 ; 铁掺杂 ; 光催化 ; CO2还原 ; 甲醇
|
论文外文关键词: |
Carbon dots ; Iron doped ; Photocatalysis ; CO2 reduction ; Methanol
|
论文中文摘要: |
︿
二氧化碳的过量排放严重影响了自然界碳循环的平衡,导致了严重的环境问题,尤其是温室效应。如何减少大气中CO2的浓度是目前亟待解决的问题。从长远来看,通过光催化将二氧化碳转化为碳氢燃料等高附加值产品,是在不增加化石能源消耗的基础上,集利用可再生能源太阳能、降低大气中CO2浓度和生成高附加值产品三方面优势为一体的绿色途径。自Inoue等人报道了关于利用半导体光催化还原CO2的开拓性工作开始,研究人员们致力于开展太阳能光催化制备清洁燃料的研究。目前,光催化还原CO2面临的主要挑战是光催化总效率低。针对这个关键问题,本文通过引入金属铁对碳点进行调控。
碳点(Carbon dots, CDs)是一种新型的零维碳纳米材料,其独特的光致电子转移能力为实现高光催化效率提供了新的方向。本论文选择柔性和刚性两类小分子为碳源,同时利用廉价的过渡金属铁,制备得到四种结构不同的铁掺杂碳点,通过铁掺杂、改变碳源等方式对光催化过程(太阳光吸收利用过程、光生载流子的分离及迁移过程和表面光催化反应过程)进行强化,从而提高了碳点的光催化还原CO2性能。具体内容如下:
(1)以链状的柔性小分子EDTA-2Na和柠檬酸钠为碳源制备了EFe-CDs和ScFe-CDs。通过FTIR和XPS测定了EFe-CDs和ScFe-CDs的结构,结果表明Fe成功掺入碳点。利用紫外漫反射光谱和莫特-肖特基曲线得到它们的能带结构,结果表明,铁掺杂有效调控了EFe-CDs和ScFe-CDs的能带结构。通过荧光光谱、光电流曲线和电化学阻抗谱图发现铁掺杂显著提高了载流子的分离及迁移效率,同时,EFe-CDs的载流子的分离和迁移效率总体来说高于ScFe-CDs,从而表现出更加优异的光催化性能,光照6 h后,EFe-CDs-13.0光催化还原CO2生成甲醇的产率为654.28 μmol·g-1(cat)·h-1。
(2)以带苯环的刚性小分子槲皮素和磺基水杨酸为碳源,通过调节溶液pH进而控制碳源和铁源的比例,制备了QFe-CDs和SaFe-CDs。结果表明,掺入铁后,QCDs和SaCDs的禁带宽度均变窄,这是因为在碳点中引入了更多的掺杂态。同时,铁掺杂还提高了QCDs和SaCDs光生载流子的分离及迁移速率。QFe-CDs和SaFe-CDs光催化还原
CO2制甲醇的最佳产率分别为143.40 μmol·g-1(cat)·h-1和131.41 μmol·g-1(cat)·h-1,生成乙醇的最佳产率分别为4.74 μmol·g-1(cat)·h-1和3.92 μmol·g-1(cat)·h-1。
(3)铁掺杂能够有效调控四种原料小分子合成的碳点。铁掺杂能够调控ECDs、ScCDs、QCDs和SaCDs的能带结构,强化它们的光生载流子的分离及迁移过程并提高它们光催化还原CO2的效率。总体来说,以柔性小分子为碳源合成的EFe-CDs和ScFe-CDs的光催化生成甲醇的产率高于以刚性小分子为碳源合成的QFe-CDs和SaFe-CDs。
﹀
|
论文外文摘要: |
︿
The excessive emission of CO2 greatly affects the balance of the carbon cycle in nature, which leads to serious environmental problems, especially the greenhouse effect. How to reduce the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is an urgent problem to be solved. In the long run, converting carbon dioxide into high value-added products such as hydrocarbon fuels through photocatalysis is a green way that integrates the advantages of using renewable energy solar energy, reducing the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere and generating high value-added products without increasing fossil consumption energy consumption. Since Inoue et al. reported the pioneering work on the reduction of CO2 by semiconductor photocatalysis, researchers have devoted themselves to the study of solar photocatalytic preparation of clean fuels. Currently, the main challenge for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 is the low overall photocatalytic efficiency. Aiming at this key problem, in this paper, the carbon dots are regulated and controlled by introducing iron.
Carbon dots (CDs) are a new type of 0-dimensional carbon nanomaterials, and their unique photoinduced electron transfer capability provide a new direction for achieving high photocatalytic efficiency. In this thesis, two kinds of flexible and rigid small molecules are selected as carbon sources, and at the same time using cheap transition metal iron, four Fe-doped carbon dots with different structure were prepared. The photocatalytic process (solar absorption and utilization process, photocarrier separator and migration process and surface photocatalytic reaction process) was strengthened by means of iron doping and changing carbon source, so as to improve the performance of carbon point photocatalytic reduction of CO2. The details are as follows:
(1) EFe-CDs and ScFe-CDs were prepared using chain-like flexible small molecules EDTA-2Na and sodium citrate as flexible carbon sources. The structures of EFe-CDs and ScFe-CDs were determined by FTIR and XPS, and the results indicated that Fe was successfully
over-incorporated into carbon dots. Their band structures were obtained by UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and Mott-Schottky plots, and the results showed that iron doping effectively regulated the band structures of EFe-CDs and ScFe-CDs. It was found by fluorescence spectroscopy, photocurrent curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy that iron doping significantly improved the carrier separation and migration efficiency. Meanwhile, the carrier separation and migration efficiency of EFe-CDs was generally higher than that of ScFe- CDs, thus showing more excellent photocatalytic performance. After 6 h of illumination, the yield of EFe-CDs-13.0 photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to methanol can reach 654.28 μmol·g-1(cat)·h-1.
(2) Using rigid small molecules quercetin and sulfosalicylic acid with benzene ring as carbon sources, QFe-CDs and SaFe-CDs were prepared by adjusting the pH of the solution and controlling the ratio of carbon source and iron source. The results show that the band gaps of both QCDs and SaCDs are narrowed after iron doping, which is due to the introduction of more doping states in the carbon dots. At the same time, iron doping also improves the separation and migration rates of photogenerated carriers in QCDs and SaCDs. The optimum yields of photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to methanol by QFe-CDs and SaFe-CDs are 143.40 μmol·g-1(cat)·h-1 and 131.41 μmol·g-1(cat)·h-1, respectively, and the optimum yields of ethanol are 4.74 μmol·g-1(cat)·h-1 and 3.92 μmol·g-1(cat)·h-1, respectively.
(3) Iron doping can effectively regulate and control the carbon dots synthesized by the four raw materials. Iron doping can regulate the band structures of ECDs, ScCDs, QCDs, and SaCDs, strengthen their photogenerated carrier separation and migration processes, and improve their photocatalytic CO2 reduction efficiency. Overall, the photocatalytic yields of methanol from EFeCDs and ScFeCDs synthesized from flexible small molecules is higher than those of QFeCDs and SaFeCDs synthesized from rigid small molecules as carbon sources.
﹀
|
参考文献: |
︿
[1] Wang H N, Zou Y H, Sun H X, et al. Recent progress and perspectives in heterogeneous photocatalytic CO2 reduction through a solid-gas mode[J]. Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 2021, 438, 213906. [2] Zhang Z T, Yi G Y, Li P, et al. Engineering approach toward catalyst design for solar photocatalytic CO2 reduction: a critical review[J]. International Journal of Energy Research. 2021, 45, (7): 9895-9913. [3] 党永强, 李博妮, 李可可等. 铁基催化剂光催化还原 CO2研究进展[J]. 化工学报. 2021, 72, (10): 5016-5027. [4] Liu C Y, Li X, Li J Z, et al. Fabricated 2D/2D CdIn2S4/N-rGO muti-heterostructure photocatalyst for enhanced photocatalytic activity[J]. Carbon. 2019, 152, 565-574. [5] Windle C D, Perutz R N. Advances in molecular photocatalytic and electrocatalytic CO2 reduction[J]. Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 2012, 256, (21-22): 2562-2570. [6] Xie S J, Zhang Q H, Liu G D, et al. Photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic reduction of CO2 using heterogeneous catalysts with controlled nanostructures[J]. Chemical communications. 2016, 52, (1): 35-59. [7] Kumar A, Raizada P, Thakur V K, et al. An overview on polymeric carbon nitride assisted photocatalytic CO2 reduction: strategically manoeuvring solar to fuel conversion efficiency[J]. Chemical Engineering Science. 2021, 230, 116219. [8] Kandy M M, Sankaralingam M. Development of proficient photocatalytic systems for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide[J]. Sustainable Energy & Fuels. 2021, 5, (1): 12-33. [9] Gu J, Chen W, Shan G G, et al. The roles of polyoxometalates in photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide[J]. Materials Today Energy. 2021, 21, 100760. [10] Ochedi F O, Liu D J, Yu J L, et al. Photocatalytic, electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide: a review[J]. Environmental Chemistry Letters. 2020, 19, (2): 941-967. [11] Khalil M, Gunlazuardi J, Ivandini T A, et al. Photocatalytic conversion of CO2 using earth-abundant catalysts: a review on mechanism and catalytic performance[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2019, 113, 109246. [12] Sun Z, Dong J Y, Chen C G, et al. Photocatalytic and electrocatalytic CO2 conversion: from fundamental principles to design of catalysts[J]. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology. 2021, 96, (5): 1161-1175. [13] Raizada P, Kumar A, Hasija V, et al. An overview of converting reductive photocatalyst into all solid-state and direct Z-scheme system for water splitting and CO2 reduction[J]. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. 2021, 93, 1-27. [14] Ikreedeegh R R, Tahir M. A critical review in recent developments of metal-organic-frameworks (MOFs) with band engineering alteration for photocatalytic CO2 reduction to solar fuels[J]. Journal of CO2 Utilization. 2021, 43, 101381. [15] Tjandra A D, Huang J. Photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction by photocatalyst innovation[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters. 2018, 29, (6): 734-746. [16] Karamian E, Sharifnia S. On the general mechanism of photocatalytic reduction of CO2[J]. Journal of CO2 Utilization. 2016, 16, 194-203. [17] Li X, Wen J Q, Low J X, et al. Design and fabrication of semiconductor photocatalyst for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to solar fuel[J]. Science China Materials. 2014, 57, (1): 70-100. [18] Gong E, Ali S, Hiragond C B, et al. Solar fuels: research and development strategies to accelerate photocatalytic CO2 conversion into hydrocarbon fuels[J]. Energy & Environmental Science. 2022, 15, (3): 880-937. [19] Nikokavoura A, Trapalis C. Alternative photocatalysts to TiO2 for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2[J]. Applied Surface Science. 2017, 391, 149-174. [20] Li X, Yu J G, Low J X, et al. Engineering heterogeneous semiconductors for solar water splitting[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 2015, 3, (6): 2485-2534. [21] Li P, Luo G, Zhu S, et al. Unraveling the selectivity puzzle of H2 evolution over CO2 photoreduction using ZnS nanocatalysts with phase junction[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2020, 274, 119115. [22] Markovskaya D V, Lyulyukin M N, Zhurenok A V, et al. New composite photocatalysts based on the solid solutions of cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide, titania, and platinum for the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide with water vapor under visible light[J]. Kinetics and Catalysis. 2021, 62, (4): 488-495. [23] Inoue T, Fujishima A, Konishi S, et al. Photoelectrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide in aqueous suspensions of semiconductor powders[J]. Nature. 1979, 277, (5698): 637-638. [24] Maeda K, Lu D, Domen K. Direct water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen under visible light by using modified TaON photocatalysts with d(0) electronic configuration[J]. Chemistry. 2013, 19, (16): 4986-4991. [25] 王文霞, 刘小丰, 陈浠, 多孔g-C3N4基光催化材料的制备及应用研究进展[J]. 化工进展. 2022, 41, (1): 300-309. [26] Weng W, Wang S, Xiao W, et al. Direct conversion of rice husks to nanostructured SiC/C for CO2 photoreduction[J]. Advanced Materials. 2020, 32, (29): e2001560. [27] Lightcap I V, Kosel T H, Kamat P V. Anchoring semiconductor and metal nanoparticles on a two-dimensional catalyst mat. Storing and shuttling electrons with reduced graphene oxide[J]. Nano Letters. 2010, 10, (2): 577-583. [28] Liang Y T, Vijayan B K, Lyandres O, et al. Effect of dimensionality on the photocatalytic behavior of carbon-titania nanosheet composites: charge transfer at nanomaterial interfaces[J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 2012, 3, (13): 1760-1765. [29] Sharma S K, Gupta R, Sharma G, et al. Photocatalytic performance of yttrium-doped CNT-ZnO nanoflowers synthesized from hydrothermal method[J]. Materials Today Chemistry. 2021, 20, 100452. [30] Martha S, Sahoo P C, Parida K M. An overview on visible light responsive metal oxide based photocatalysts for hydrogen energy production[J]. RSC Advances. 2015, 5, (76): 61535-61553. [31] Wang Y G, Wang F, Chen Y T, et al. Enhanced photocatalytic performance of ordered mesoporous Fe-doped CeO2 catalysts for the reduction of CO2 with H2O under simulated solar irradiation[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2014, 147, 602-609. [32] Yuan Y J, Yu Z T, Zhang J Y, et al. A copper(I) dye-sensitised TiO2-based system for efficient light harvesting and photoconversion of CO2 into hydrocarbon fuel[J]. Dalton Trans. 2012, 41, (32): 9594-9597. [33] Li X, Liu H L, Luo D L, et al. Adsorption of CO2 on heterostructure CdS(Bi2S3)/TiO2 nanotube photocatalysts and their photocatalytic activities in the reduction of CO2 to methanol under visible light irradiation[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2012, 180, 151-158. [34] Pan X, Yang M Q, Fu X, et al. Defective TiO2 with oxygen vacancies: synthesis, properties and photocatalytic applications[J]. Nanoscale. 2013, 5, (9): 3601-3614. [35] Zhou C, Shi X, Li D, et al. Oxygen vacancy engineering of BiOBr/HNb3O8 Z-scheme hybrid photocatalyst for boosting photocatalytic conversion of CO2[J]. Journal of colloid and interface science. 2021, 599, 245-254. [36] Liu B, Li J, Yang W, et al. Semiconductor solid-solution nanostructures: synthesis, property tailoring, and applications[J]. Small. 2017, 13, (45): 1701998. [37] Velasco-Soto M A, Pérez-García S A, Alvarez-Quintana J, et al. Selective band gap manipulation of graphene oxide by its reduction with mild reagents[J]. Carbon. 2015, 93, 967-973. [38] Zeng C, Huang H, Zhang T, et al. Fabrication of heterogeneous-phase solid-olution promoting band structure and charge separation for enhancing photocatalytic CO2 reduction: a case of ZnXCa1-XIn2S4[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 2017, 9, (33): 27773-27783. [39] Ali S, Lee J, Kim H, et al. Sustained photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CH4 in a continuous flow reactor by earth-abundant materials: Reduced titania-Cu2O Z-scheme heterostructures[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2020, 279, 119344. [40] Que M, Cai W, Zhao Y, et al. 2D/2D Schottky heterojunction of in-situ growth FAPbBr3/Ti3C2 composites for enhancing photocatalytic CO2 reduction[J]. Journal of colloid and interface science. 2022, 610, 538-545. [41] Kraeutler B, Bard A J. Heterogeneous photocatalytic preparation of supported catalysts. Photodeposition of platinum on titanium dioxide powder and other substrates[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1978, 100, (13): 4317-4318. [42] Ran J, Jaroniec M, Qiao S Z. Cocatalysts in semiconductor-based photocatalytic CO2 reduction: achievements, challenges, and opportunities[J]. Advanced Materials. 2018, 30, (7): 1704649. [43] Li X, Yu J G, Jaroniec M, et al. Cocatalysts for selective photoreduction of CO2 into solar fuels[J]. Chemical Reviews. 2019, 119, (6): 3962-4179. [44] Hu J, Ding J, Zhong Q. Ultrathin 2D TiC2 MXene Co-catalyst anchored on porous g-C3N4 for enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction under visible-light irradiation[J]. Journal of colloid and interface science. 2021, 582, 647-657. [45] Tong H, Ouyang S, Bi Y, et al. Nano-photocatalytic materials: possibilities and challenges[J]. Advanced Materials. 2012, 24, (2): 229-251. [46] Maeda K. Photocatalytic water splitting using semiconductor particles: history and recent developments[J]. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Reviews, 2011, 12, (4): 237-268. [47] Xiao J, Yang W Y, Gao S, et al. Fabrication of ultrafine ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles for efficient photocatalytic reduction CO2 under visible light illumination[J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology. 2018, 34, (12): 2331-2336. [48] Sun S, Watanabe M, Wu J, et al. Ultrathin WO3.0.33H2O nanotubes for CO2 photoreduction to acetate with high selectivity[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 2018, 140, (20): 6474-6482. [49] Chen Y, Jia G, Hu Y F, et al. Two-dimensional nanomaterials for photocatalytic CO2 reduction to solar fuels[J]. Sustainable Energy & Fuels. 2017, 1, (9): 1875-1898. [50] Han Q, Bai X, Man Z, et al. Convincing synthesis of atomically thin, single-crystalline InVO4 sheets toward promoting highly selective and efficient solar conversion of CO2 into CO[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 2019, 141, (10): 4209-4213. [51] Vu N N, Kaliaguine S, Do T O. Critical aspects and recent advances in structural engineering of photocatalysts for sunlight-driven photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into fuels[J]. Advanced Functional Materials. 2019, 29, (31): 1901825. [52] Wang L, Wan J, Zhao Y, et al. Hollow multi-shelled structures of Co3O4 dodecahedron with unique crystal orientation for enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 2019, 141, (6): 2238-2241. [53] 李世嘉, 庞尔楠, 郝彩红等. 固态荧光碳点的制备[J]. 化学进展. 2020, 32, (5): 548-561. [54] Kang Z, Lee S T, Carbon dots: advances in nanocarbon applications[J]. Nanoscale. 2019, 11, (41): 19214-19224. [55] Xu X Y, Ray R, Gu Y L, et al. Electrophoretic analysis and purification of fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotube fragments.[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 2004, 126, (40): 12736-12737. [56] Zhu S J, Song Y B, Zhao X J, et al. The photoluminescence mechanism in carbon dots (graphene quantum dots, carbon nanodots, and polymer dots) current state and future perspective.[J]. Nano Research. 2015, 8, (2): 355-381. [57] De B, Karak N. Recent progress in carbon dot-metal based nanohybrids for photochemical and electrochemical applications[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 2017, 5, (5): 1826-1859. [58] Liu M L, Chen B B, Li C M, et al. Carbon dots: synthesis, formation mechanism, fluorescence origin and sensing applications[J]. Green Chemistry. 2019, 21, (3): 449-471. [59] Chu K W, Lee S L, Chang C J, et al. Recent progress of carbon dot precursors and photocatalysis applications[J]. Polymers. 2019, 11, (4): 689. [60] Zaib M, Akhtar A, Maqsood F, et al. Green synthesis of carbon dots and their application as photocatalyst in dye degradation studies[J]. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering. 2020, 46, (1): 437-446. [61] Maddu A, Meliafatmah R, Rustami E. Enhancing photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue using ZnO/carbon dots nanocomposite derived From coffee grounds[J]. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 2020, 30, (1): 273-282. [62] Wang C L, Xu J, Li H Z, et al. Alkali-assisted synthesis of gourd flesh derived tricolor F/N co-doped carbon dots for efficient degradation of organic dyes[J]. Optical Materials. 2021, 114, 110950. [63] 王雅君, 张文灿, 李宇明等. 碳点用于光催化分解水制氢的研究进展[J]. 化工进展. 2021, 40, (6): 2952-2961. [64] Liu W L, Liu G D, Shi N, et al. Carbon quantum dot-modified and chloride-doped ordered macroporous graphitic carbon nitride composites for hydrogen evolution[J]. ACS Applied Nano Materials. 2020, 3, (12): 12188-12197. [65] Mehta A, Mishra A, Basu S, et al. Band gap tuning and surface modification of carbon dots for sustainable environmental remediation and photocatalytic hydrogen production-a review[J]. Journal of Environmental Management. 2019, 250, 109486. [66] Lin L Y, Kavadiya S, Karakocak B B, et al. ZnO1−x/carbon dots composite hollow spheres: facile aerosol synthesis and superior CO2 photoreduction under UV, visible and near-infrared irradiation[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2018, 230, 36-48. [67] Kulandaivalu T, Rashid S A, Sabli N, et al. Visible light assisted photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to ethane using CQDs/Cu2O nanocomposite photocatalyst[J]. Diamond and Related Materials. 2019, 91, 64-73. [68] Zhong H, Sa R J, Lv H W, et al. Covalent organic framework hosting metalloporphyrin-based carbon dots for visible-light-driven selective CO2 reduction[J]. Advanced Functional Materials. 2020, 30, (35): 2002654. [69] Miao X, Yue X, Shen X, et al. Nitrogen-doped carbon dot-modified Ag3PO4/GO photocatalyst with excellent visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance and mechanism insight[J]. Catalysis Science & Technology. 2018, 8, (2): 632-641. [70] Tang Y, Wang W, Wang B, et al. A novel AgCl-based visible-light photocatalyst through in-situ assembly of carbon dots for efficient dye degradation and hydrogen evolution[J]. Sustainable Materials and Technologies. 2021, 27, e00242. [71] Aggarwal R, Saini D, Singh B, et al. Bitter apple peel derived photoactive carbon dots for the sunlight induced photocatalytic degradation of crystal violet dye[J]. Solar Energy 2020, 197, 326-331. [72] Bhati A, Anand S R, Gunter, et al. Sunlight-induced photocatalytic degradation of pollutant dye by highly fluorescent red-emitting Mg-N-embedded carbon dots[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 2018, 6, (7): 9246-9256. [73] 刘大波, 苏向东, 赵宏龙等. 光催化分解水制氢催化剂的研究进展[J]. 材料导报. 2019, 33, (Z2): 13-19. [74] Meng A, Zhang L, Cheng B, et al. Dual cocatalysts in TiO2 photocatalysis[J]. Advanced Materials. 2019, 31, (30): 1807660. [75] Li H, Liu R, Lian S, et al. Near-infrared light controlled photocatalytic activity of carbon quantum dots for highly selective oxidation reaction[J]. Nanoscale. 2013, 5, (8): 3289-3297. [76] Liu J, Liu Y, Liu N Y, et al. Metal-free efficient photocatalyst for stable visible water splitting via a two-electron pathway. [J]. Science. 2015, 347, 970–974. [77] Fang S, Xia Y, Lv K, et al. Effect of carbon-dots modification on the structure and photocatalytic.[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2016, 185, 225-232. [78] Shi W L, Wang J B, Yang S, et al. Fabrication of a ternary carbon dots/CoO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite photocatalyst with enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production[J]. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology. 2020, 95, (8): 2129-2138. [79] Cao L, Sahu S, Anilkumar P, et al. Carbon nanoparticles as visible-light photocatalysts for efficient CO2 conversion and beyond[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 2011, 133, (13): 4754-4757. [80] Chen X, Shen S, Guo L, et al. Semiconductor-based photocatalytic hydrogen generation[J]. Chemical Reviews. 2010, 110, (6503-6570). [81] Kudo A, Miseki Y. Heterogeneous photocatalyst materials for water splitting[J]. Chemical Society reviews. 2009, 38, (1): 253-278. [82] Fox M A, Dulay M T. Heterogeneous photocatalysis[J]. Chemical Reviews. 1993, 93, (1): 341-357. [83] Tsai K A, Hsieh P Y, Lai T H, et al. Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots for remarkable solar hydrogen production[J]. ACS Applied Energy Materials. 2020, 3, (6): 5322–5332. [84] Luo H, Guo Q, Szilágyi P Á, et al. Carbon dots in solar-to-hydrogen conversion[J]. Trends in Chemistry. 2020, 2, (7): 623-637. [85] Han M, Zhu S J, Lu S Y, et al. Recent progress on the photocatalysis of carbon dots: classification, mechanism and applications[J]. Nano Today. 2018, 19, 201-218. [86] 胡超, 穆野, 李明宇等. 纳米碳点的制备与应用研究进展[J]. 物理化学学报. 2019, 35, (6): 572-590. [87] Sahu S, Liu Y, Wang P, et al. Visible-light photoconversion of carbon dioxide into organic acids in an aqueous solution of carbon dots[J]. Langmuir. 2014, 30, (28): 8631-8636. [88] Sun F C, Maimaiti H, Liu Y E, et al. Preparation and photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance of silver nanoparticles coated with coal-based carbon dots[J]. International Journal of Energy Research. 2018, 42, (14): 4458-4469. [89] Zhang H N, Li Y F, Wang J Z, et al. An unprecedent hydride transfer pathway for selective photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to formic acid on TiO2[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2021, 284, 119692. [90] Wang Z W, Wan Q, Shi Y Z, et al. Selective photocatalytic reduction CO2 to CH4 on ultrathin TiO2 nanosheet via coordination activation[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2021, 288, 120000. [91] Tahir M S, Manzoor N, Sagir M, et al. Fabrication of ZnFe2O4 modified TiO2 hybrid composites for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into methanol[J]. Fuel. 2021, 285, 119206. [92] Li M L, Wang M, Zhu L F, et al. Facile microwave assisted synthesis of N-rich carbon quantum dots/dual-phase TiO2 heterostructured nanocomposites with high activity in CO2 photoreduction[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2018, 231, 269-276. [93] Gao Q C, Yuan Z M, Yang G H, et al. Enhancement of lignin-based carbon quantum dots from poplar pre-hydrolysis liquor on photocatalytic CO2 reduction via TiO2 nanosheets[J]. Industrial Crops and Products. 2021, 160, 113161. [94] Li H T, Zhang X Y, MacFarlane D R. Carbon quantum dots/Cu2O heterostructures for solar-light-driven conversion of methanol[J]. Advanced Energy Materials. 2015, 5, (5): 1401077. [95] Li H T, Deng Y D, Liu Y D, et al. Carbon quantum dots and carbon layer double protected cuprous oxide for efficient visible light CO2 reduction[J]. Chemical communications. 2019, 55, (30): 4419-4422. [96] Kong X Y, Tan W L, Ng B J, et al. Harnessing Vis-NIR broad spectrum for photocatalytic CO2 reduction over carbon quantum dots-decorated ultrathin Bi2WO6 nanosheets[J]. Nano Research. 2017, 10, (5): 1720-1731. [97] Sun W J, Meng X Y, Xu C J, et al. Amorphous CoOx coupled carbon dots as a spongy porous bifunctional catalyst for efficient photocatalytic water oxidation and CO2 reduction[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis. 2020, 41, (12): 1826-1836. [99] Liu Z, Wang Z J, Qing S J, et al. Improving methane selectivity of photo-induced CO2 reduction on carbon dots through modification of nitrogen-containing groups and graphitization.[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2018, 232, (15): 86-92. [99] Yuan F L, Li S H, Fan Z T, et al. Shining carbon dots: synthesis and biomedical and optoelectronic applications[J]. Nano Today. 2016, 11, (5): 565-586. [100] Lin L P, Luo Y X, Wang J J, et al. Metal ions doped carbon quantum dots: synthesis, physicochemical properties, and their applications[J]. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 2018, 103, 87-101. [101] Su R, Bechstein R, Kibsgaard J, et al. High-quality Fe-doped TiO2 films with superior visible-light performance[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry. 2012, 22, (45): 23755. [102] Choi W Y, Termin A, Hoffmann M R. Romote bleaching of methylene blue by UV irradiated TiO2 in the gas phase[J]. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 1994, (98): 13669-13679. [103] Zhang X Q, Gong S W, Zhang Y, et al. Prussian blue modified iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles and their high peroxidase-like activity[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry. 2010, 20, (24): 5110-5116. [104] Hu T H, Yin Z S, Guo J W, et al. Synthesis of Fe nanoparticles on polyaniline covered carbon nanotubes for oxygen reduction reaction[J]. Journal of Power Sources. 2014, 272, 661-671. [105] Fouda A S, Eissa M, Elewady G Y, et al. Corrosion inhibition of low carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution using pulicaria undulata plant extract[J]. International Journal of Electrochemical Science. 2017, 12, (10): 9212-9230. [106] Liu N, Tang M Q, Wu J X, et al. Boosting visible‐light photocatalytic performance for CO2 reduction via hydroxylated graphene quantum dots sensitized MIL‐101(Fe)[J]. Advanced Materials Interfaces. 2020, 7, (17): 2000468. [107] Ren L, Yang F, Wang C X, et al. Plasma synthesis of oxidized graphene foam supporting Pd nanoparticles as a new catalyst for one-pot synthesis of dibenzyls[J]. RSC Advances. 2014, 4, (108): 63048-63054. [108] Shi L H, Li L, Li X F, et al. Excitation-independent yellow-fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots for biological imaging and paper-based sensing[J]. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 2017, 251, 234-241. [109] Gao D D, Liu W J, Xu Y, et al. Core-shell Ag@Ni cocatalyst on the TiO2 photocatalyst: one-step photoinduced deposition and its improved H2-evolution activity[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2020, 260, 118190. [110] Bensch W, Heid W, Muhler M, et al. Anionic polymeric bonds in nickel ditelluride: crystal structure, and experimental and theoretical band structure[J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 1996, 121, 87-94. [111] Chen Z H, Gong H S, Liu Q W, et al. NiSe2 nanoparticles grown in situ on CdS nanorods for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 2019, 7, (19): 16720-16728. [112] 王海燕, 曾秀, 张成平等. 槲皮素金属螯合物的研究与应用[J]. 食品科学. 2013, 34, (13): 361-364.
﹀
|
中图分类号: |
TQ034
|
开放日期: |
2023-06-27
|