直流无刷电机具有体积小、噪声低及效率高的优点，在工业、航空航天、汽车等领域中被广泛应用。随着电机应用产品不断往小型化方向发展，采用成本更低、集成度更高的直流无刷电机驱动芯片已经逐渐成为市场主流，芯片国产化已成为必然趋势，因此，对直流无刷电机驱动芯片进行研究具有重要意义。

本文设计了一款直流无刷电机PWM控制驱动芯片，通过对直流无刷电机的工作原理及其两种不同类型H桥驱动电路的优缺点进行分析，确定选取高边管为P管的H桥作为驱动主电路；通过对H桥三种工作模式的控制复杂性及损耗进行比对分析，得出单极工作模式更适合直流无刷电机的驱动芯片；据此，设计了单极工作模式下H桥的开关管驱动电路，其主要由自适应死区控制电路、电平转换电路及高压驱动电路组成，其中自适应死区控制电路能够根据开关管栅极电压变化自动调节死区时间，电平转换电路将低压电平信号转换为后级高压驱动电路所需的高压电平信号，高压驱动电路采用电流源对开关管栅极进行充放电，在确保开关管开关速度的同时，可减小EMI；设计了数字PWM模块，可将给定频率（100Hz~100kHz）和占空比（10%~97%）变化范围内的输入PWM转速参考信号转换为恒频（30kHz）同占空比的H桥PWM驱动信号，且采用不断累加单个检测周期占空比检测值并进行平均化的方法，提高了H桥PWM驱动信号精度，同时在芯片上电后使其占空比逐渐上升，实现了软启动功能；另外，设计了芯片的其他关键电路模块，主要包括带隙基准电路、LDO电路、振荡器电路、过温和过压保护电路，最终完成了整体芯片的设计。

基于X-FAB 0.35um BCD工艺对整体电路进行仿真分析，结果表明在芯片上电工作后，电机线圈中电流逐渐增大，实现了软启动的效果，且在不同输入PWM频率及占空比的情况下，输出均符合预期。最后基于X-FAB 0.35um BCD工艺设计规则文件，对整体电路的版图进行设计，并通过了DRC、LVS等验证。

Brushless DC motor has the advantages of small volume, low noise and high efficiency. It is widely used in industry, aerospace, automobile and other fields. With the continuous development of motor application products in the direction of miniaturization, the use of Brushless DC motor drive chips with lower cost and higher integration has gradually become the mainstream of the market, and the localization of chips has become an inevitable trend, it is of great significance to study the drive chip of Brushless DC motor.

In this paper, a PWM control driver chip of Brushless DC motor is designed. Through the analysis of the working principle of Brushless DC motor and the advantages and disadvantages of two different types of H-bridge driver circuits, it is determined to select the H-bridge with high side P transistor as the main driver circuit. By comparing and analyzing the control complexity and loss of the three working modes of H-bridge, it is concluded that the unipolar working mode is more suitable for the drive chip of Brushless DC motor. According to this, the switching transistor driver circuit of H-bridge in unipolar working mode is designed, which is mainly composed of adaptive dead time control circuit, level conversion circuit and high-voltage driver circuit. The adaptive dead time control circuit can automatically adjust the dead time according to the change of switching transistor grid voltage, and the level conversion circuit converts the low-voltage level signal into the high-voltage level signal required by the subsequent high-voltage driver circuit, the high voltage drive circuit uses a current source to charge and discharge the grid of the switch transistor, which can ensure the switching speed of the switch transistor and reduce EMI at the same time. A digital PWM module is designed, which can convert the input PWM speed reference signal within the variation range of given frequency (100Hz ~ 100kHz) and duty cycle (10% ~ 97%) into H-bridge PWM driver signal with constant frequency (30kHz) and the same duty cycle. The method of continuously accumulating and averaging the duty cycle detection value of a single detection cycle is adopted, which not only improves the accuracy of H-bridge PWM driver signal, but also gradually increases its duty cycle after the chip is powered on, The soft start function is realized. In addition, other key circuit modules of the chip are designed, mainly including bandgap reference circuit, LDO circuit, oscillator circuit, over temperature and over voltage protection circuit. Finally, the design of the whole chip is completed.

The whole circuit is simulated and analyzed based on X-FAB 0.35um BCD process. The results show that after the chip is powered on, the current in the motor coil gradually increases, which realizes the effect of soft start, and the output meets the expectation under the conditions of different input PWM frequency and duty cycle. Finally, the layout of the whole circuit is designed based on the X-FAB 0.35um BCD process design rule file, and has been verified by DRC, LVS and so on.

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