滑坡的发生通常是多因素耦合作用的结果，其中水对于滑坡体的稳定性有着非常重要的影响，滑坡前缘大面积临空面的形成是导致坡体失稳的另一重要因素。本文以上马村滑坡为研究对象，通过详细研究该滑坡的自然地理环境、工程地质条件及人为影响因素，综合分析认为地形地貌、地层岩性和地质构造是导致上马村滑坡的内在因素，降雨是导致滑坡发生变形破坏的主要诱发因素，路堑开挖是导致滑坡滑动的另一重要诱发因素。结合变形观测数据研究了降雨和人工开挖坡体前缘对滑坡体稳定性的影响机理，并分析了多层滑体中上层滑体对下层滑体的作用方式。 通过对影响滑坡稳定性的敏感因素分析得出对该滑坡稳定性影响最大的因素是滑带土的力学性质，尤其是内摩擦角对稳定性影响最大，合理选取了滑带土抗剪强度指标（粘聚力c和内摩擦角φ），利用极限平衡法对该滑坡的浅层、中层滑体在不同工况下的稳定性进行了计算。 通过FLAC3D对该滑坡在饱水状态和坡体前缘开挖两种工况下的应力应变进行了模拟，模拟结果表明：在开挖过程中，滑坡主要受压应力作用，滑面是应力集中区域，存在滑体沿滑面滑动的危险，由于水的作用，较天然状态下滑体沿滑面移动下滑的趋势更加明显，水平位移和垂直位移进一步增大，塑性区域进一步破坏形成破坏区。稳定性评价结果与客观实际比较吻合。

The occurrence of landslides is usually the result of coupling factors, especially water has very important influence on the stability of landslides. Large-scale overhead surface invading in the front of the slope is another significant factor.This paper takes ShangMa Village Landslide as the vestigated subject, through studing the environment of this landslide, the engineering geology condition and man-made factors. Comprehensive analysis show that landform and physiognomy,formation lithology and geological structure are intrenal factors which cause the occurrence of Shangma Village landslides,rainfall is the primary inducing factor which causes the distortion and destroys to the landslide and excavates in the front of the landslide is the important inducing factor which causes the outbreak of this landslide. Study on the effective mechanism to the stability of the slope caused by rainfall and artificial excavation of the slope-front, combining the observation data of the distortion. Simultaneously, analysis on the acting mode caused by the upper slope body to the lower body slope in the layered slippery body has been made. Through analysis of the sensitive factors to the affection of the landslide stability, it is obtained that the maximal influential factor is the mechanical properties in the slippery belt earth, particularly the internal friction angle .This paper has selected the slippery belt earth shearing strength target reasonably (cohesive force c and angle of internal friction φ),and calculated the stability of the shallow sliding body and the middle sliding body to this landslipe through finite element method under different operational mode. This paper has simulated the stress-strain under two kinds of operating modes, the water saturated state and excavation of the front-slopebody through FLAC3D.The simulated result shows that: while being excavated, the landslide mainly undertakes compressive stress and the sliding face is the concentration region of the stress. under this condition the danger of the landslide is existent.With water function, the tendency that the landslope slides along the sliding face is relatively more obvious than that under the nature condition and the horizontal and vertical displacement increase further.At the same time the plastic region is destroyed further so as to form the destruction area. The results of stability evaluation coincides with the objective reality actually.