B₄C_p/SiC_p增强Al基复合材料具有低密度、高硬、高耐磨性等优异性能，有望在航空航天、汽车制造等领域获得重要应用。但其存在制备工艺复杂、成本高等问题。本文以B₄C与SiC颗粒为增强体，采用粉末冶金热压法制备了B₄C_p/SiC_p混杂增强铝基复合材料，研究了单一/混杂增强体对复合材料性能的影响并用响应曲面实验设计法，获得了最佳制备工艺参数。

SiC颗粒单一增强铝基复合材料研究结果表明，随着SiC含量增加，试样硬度先增加后降低，SiC含量为50%时，其硬度达最大值90HRB；SiC含量从0%增加到60%时，抗弯强度逐渐降低，由554MPa降至138MPa；试样热导率先增大后减小，SiC含量为30%时，热导率达到最大值324.05 W/(m·K)；随着SiC含量增加，摩擦系数与磨损量先减小后增加，SiC含量为40%时，摩擦系数达最小值0.20，SiC含量为30%时，磨损量达最小值1.08×10^-5g·m^-1。

混杂增强复合材料研究结果表明，随着B₄C含量增加，试样密度逐渐降低，致密度先增加后降低，B₄C含量为8%时，致密度达99.5%；硬度逐渐增大，当B₄C含量为10%时，达81HRB；抗弯强度先增大后降低，B₄C含量为8%时达472.41MPa；热导率逐渐降低，B₄C含量为2%时，热导率185.10W/(m·K)；摩擦系数与磨损量先减小后增加，B₄C含量为8%时，其值分别为0.18与5.61×10^-6 g·m^-1。

采用响应曲面法优化B₄C_p/SiC_p混杂增强复合材料工艺参数，研究结果表明，显著性：烧结温度×烧结温度＞烧结温度＞烧结温度×烧结压力＞烧结压力＞烧结压力×烧结压力＞烧结时间；优化拟合出烧结温度557℃、烧结压力13MPa、烧结时间1.3min为最佳工艺参数并进行验证实验。此时试样硬度为90HRB，抗弯强度为573.3MPa，致密度99.8%，摩擦系数及磨损量下降为0.13与2.15×10^-6g·m^-1，热导率181.76W/(m·K)，实验结果符合理论预测值，主要性能有所提升。

B₄C_p/SiC_p reinforced Al matrix composites have excellent properties such as low density, high hardness and high wear resistance, which are expected to gain important applications in aerospace and automobile manufacturing. However, there are problems such as complicated preparation process and high cost. In this paper, B₄C and SiC particles are used as reinforcement, and B₄C_p/SiC_p hybrid reinforced aluminum matrix composites are prepared by powder metallurgy hot pressing method, and the effect of single/hybrid reinforcement on the performance of the composites is investigated, and the optimal preparation parameters are obtained by using the design of experiments method for response surfaces.

The results of SiC particles single reinforced aluminum matrix composites show that, with the increase of SiC content, the hardness of the specimen first increases and then decreases, when the SiC content is 50%, its hardness reaches the maximum value of 90HRB; when the SiC content increases from 0% to 60%, the bending strength gradually decreases from 554MPa to 138MPa; the thermal conductivity of the specimen first increases and then decreases, when the SiC content of When the content of SiC is 30%, the thermal conductivity reaches the maximum value of 324.05 W/(m·K); with the increase of SiC content, the coefficient of friction and the amount of wear firstly decreases and then increases, when the content of SiC is 40%, the coefficient of friction reaches a minimum value of 0.20, and when the content of SiC is 30%, the amount of wear reaches a minimum value of 1.08×10^-5g·m^-1.

The research results of hybrid reinforced composites show that, with the increase of B₄C content, the density of the specimen is gradually reduced, the density first increased and then reduced, when the B₄C content of 8%, the density of 99.5%; the hardness of the specimen is gradually increased, when the B₄C content is 10%, it reaches 81 HRB; the bending strength first increased and then reduced, when the _B4C content of 8%, it reaches 472.41 MPa; the thermal conductivity gradually When the content of B₄C is 2%, the thermal conductivity is 185.1W/(m·K); the friction coefficient and abrasion firstly decrease and then increase, and the values are 0.18 and 5.61×10^-6 g·m^-1 respectively when the content of B₄C is 8%.

The response surface method was used to optimise the process parameters of _B4Cp/SiCp hybrid reinforced composites, and the results showed that the significance: sintering temperature×sintering temperature＞sintering temperature＞sintering temperature＞sintering temperature×sintering pressure＞sintering pressure＞sintering pressure＞sintering pressure×sintering pressure＞sintering time; the optimisation fitted the sintering temperature of 557℃, sintering pressure of 13MPa, and the sintering time of 1.3min as the best process parameters and Verification experiments. At this time, the hardness of the specimen is 90HRB, the flexural strength is 573.3MPa, the densification is 99.8%, the coefficient of friction and abrasion are reduced to 0.13 and 2.15×10^-6g·m^-1, the thermal conductivity is 181.76W/(m·K), and the experimental results are in line with the theoretical prediction and the properties are improved.

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